महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-118, verse-16

एवमुक्त्वा महाबाहुर्यूपकेतुर्महायशाः ।
युयुधानं परित्यज्य रणे प्रायमुपाविशत् ॥१६॥

16. evamuktvā mahābāhuryūpaketurmahāyaśāḥ ,
yuyudhānaṁ parityajya raṇe prāyamupāviśat.

16. evam uktvā mahā-bāhuḥ yūpaketuḥ mahā-yaśāḥ
yuyudhānam parityajya raṇe prāyam upāviśat

16. mahā-bāhuḥ mahā-yaśāḥ yūpaketuḥ evam uktvā yuyudhānam parityajya raṇe prāyam upāviśat.

16. Having spoken thus, Yūpaketu, the mighty-armed and greatly renowned one, abandoned Yuyudhāna and undertook a fast unto death on the battlefield.

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

• उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having spoken, having said

• महा-बाहुः (mahā-bāhuḥ) - mighty-armed, strong-armed

• यूपकेतुः (yūpaketuḥ) - Yūpaketu (proper name)

• महा-यशाः (mahā-yaśāḥ) - greatly renowned, highly famous

• युयुधानम् (yuyudhānam) - Yuyudhāna (proper name, Sātyaki)

• परित्यज्य (parityajya) - having abandoned, having forsaken

• रणे (raṇe) - on the battlefield, in battle

• प्रायम् (prāyam) - fast unto death (fast unto death, resolution)

• उपाविशत् (upāviśat) - undertook (a fast unto death) (sat down, undertook (a fast))

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

(indeclinable)

उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having spoken, having said

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root vac (to speak) + ktvā

Root: vac (class 2)

महा-बाहुः (mahā-bāhuḥ) - mighty-armed, strong-armed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahā-bāhu

mahā-bāhu - mighty-armed, one with great arms

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahant+bāhu)

• mahant – great, mighty, large
  adjective (masculine)
• bāhu – arm
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Yūpaketu.

यूपकेतुः (yūpaketuḥ) - Yūpaketu (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yūpaketu

yūpaketu - Yūpaketu (name of a warrior, son of Citraketu)

महा-यशाः (mahā-yaśāḥ) - greatly renowned, highly famous

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahā-yaśas

mahā-yaśas - greatly renowned, highly famous

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahant+yaśas)

• mahant – great, mighty, large
  adjective (masculine)
• yaśas – fame, glory, renown
  noun (neuter)

Note: Refers to Yūpaketu.

युयुधानम् (yuyudhānam) - Yuyudhāna (proper name, Sātyaki)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yuyudhāna

yuyudhāna - Yuyudhāna (another name for Sātyaki)

Note: Object of parityajya.

परित्यज्य (parityajya) - having abandoned, having forsaken

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund) with prefix

Derived from pari-tyaj (to abandon) + l-yap

Prefix: pari

Root: tyaj (class 1)

रणे (raṇe) - on the battlefield, in battle

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, battlefield

Root: raṇ (class 1)

प्रायम् (prāyam) - fast unto death (fast unto death, resolution)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of prāya

prāya - fast unto death, resolve, commencement

Prefix: pra

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Used in the idiom 'prāyam upaviśati' meaning 'to undertake a fast unto death'.

उपाविशत् (upāviśat) - undertook (a fast unto death) (sat down, undertook (a fast))

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of upaviś

Imperfect, 3rd person, singular, active voice

Prefix: upa

Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Used with 'prāyam' to mean 'undertook a fast unto death'.