महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-118, verse-35

कर्णेन वृषसेनेन सैन्धवेन तथैव च ।
विक्रोशतां च सैन्यानामवधीत्तं यतव्रतम् ॥३५॥

35. karṇena vṛṣasenena saindhavena tathaiva ca ,
vikrośatāṁ ca sainyānāmavadhīttaṁ yatavratam.

35. karṇena vṛṣasenena saindhavena tathā eva ca
vikrośatām ca sainyānām avadhīt tam yatavratam

35. karṇena vṛṣasenena saindhavena tathā eva ca ca
sainyānām vikrośatām tam yatavratam avadhīt

35. ...by Karṇa, by Vṛṣasena, and similarly by Saīndhava (Jayadratha); and amidst the loudly wailing armies, [King Yudhiṣṭhira] killed that Śalya, who was steadfast in his vows.

Words meanings summery:

• कर्णेन (karṇena) - by Karṇa

• वृषसेनेन (vṛṣasenena) - by Vṛṣasena

• सैन्धवेन (saindhavena) - by Saīndhava, by Jayadratha

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, similarly

• एव (eva) - indeed, just, only, exactly

• च (ca) - and, also

• विक्रोशताम् (vikrośatām) - of those crying out loudly, of those wailing

• च (ca) - and, also

• सैन्यानाम् (sainyānām) - of the armies, of the soldiers

• अवधीत् (avadhīt) - Yudhiṣṭhira killed (Śalya) (he killed)

• तम् (tam) - refers to Śalya (him, that)

• यतव्रतम् (yatavratam) - refers to Śalya's adherence to his duty as a warrior (one with restrained vows, steadfast in vows, disciplined)

Words meanings and morphology

कर्णेन (karṇena) - by Karṇa

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karṇa (proper name)

Note: Part of the list of agents surrounding Śalya.

वृषसेनेन (vṛṣasenena) - by Vṛṣasena

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vṛṣasena

vṛṣasena - Vṛṣasena (proper name)

Note: Part of the list of agents surrounding Śalya.

सैन्धवेन (saindhavena) - by Saīndhava, by Jayadratha

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of saindhava

saindhava - of the Sindhu region, Jayadratha (proper name)

Note: Part of the list of agents surrounding Śalya.

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, similarly

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, just, only, exactly

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects previous list of agents.

विक्रोशताम् (vikrośatām) - of those crying out loudly, of those wailing

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of vikrośat

vikrośat - crying out, wailing loudly

Present Active Participle

From root kruś with prefix vi- and suffix śatṛ.

Prefix: vi

Root: kruś (class 1)

Note: Qualifies sainyānām.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects to the context of the armies' reaction.

सैन्यानाम् (sainyānām) - of the armies, of the soldiers

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of sainya

sainya - army, soldier

Note: Refers to the wailing armies/soldiers.

अवधीत् (avadhīt) - Yudhiṣṭhira killed (Śalya) (he killed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of vadhi

Aorist active (Luṅ).

From root han (to strike/kill), aorist form.

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Implicit subject is Yudhiṣṭhira.

तम् (tam) - refers to Śalya (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Object of avadhīt.

यतव्रतम् (yatavratam) - refers to Śalya's adherence to his duty as a warrior (one with restrained vows, steadfast in vows, disciplined)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yatavrata

yatavrata - one whose vows are restrained, steadfast in vows, disciplined

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (yata+vrata)

• yata – restrained, controlled, self-controlled
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root yam.
  Root: yam (class 1)
• vrata – vow, sacred observance, religious duty
  noun (neuter)
  Root: vṛ

Note: Qualifies tam (Śalya).