महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-118, verse-40

न वार्ष्णेयस्यापराधो भवितव्यं हि तत्तथा ।
तस्मान्मन्युर्न वः कार्यः क्रोधो दुःखकरो नृणाम् ॥४०॥

40. na vārṣṇeyasyāparādho bhavitavyaṁ hi tattathā ,
tasmānmanyurna vaḥ kāryaḥ krodho duḥkhakaro nṛṇām.

40. na vārṣṇeyasya aparādhaḥ bhavitavyaṃ hi tat tathā
tasmāt manyuḥ na vaḥ kāryaḥ krodhaḥ duḥkhakaraḥ nṛṇām

40. vārṣṇeyasya aparādhaḥ na.
hi,
tat tathā bhavitavyaṃ.
tasmāt vaḥ manyuḥ na kāryaḥ,
(yataḥ) krodhaḥ nṛṇām duḥkhakaraḥ.

40. It was not Vārṣṇeya's (Sātyaki's) fault; indeed, it was destined to happen in that way. Therefore, you should not harbor anger (manyu), for anger (krodha) causes misery for humans.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no

• वार्ष्णेयस्य (vārṣṇeyasya) - of Sātyaki (of Vārṣṇeya)

• अपराधः (aparādhaḥ) - fault, offense, crime

• भवितव्यं (bhavitavyaṁ) - it was to be, it must happen, it was destined

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

• तत् (tat) - that (fate/event) (that)

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

• मन्युः (manyuḥ) - anger, wrath, indignation

• न (na) - not, no

• वः (vaḥ) - by you (plural) (your (plural), to you (plural))

• कार्यः (kāryaḥ) - should be harbored/entertained (to be done, should be done, should be made)

• क्रोधः (krodhaḥ) - anger, wrath

• दुःखकरः (duḥkhakaraḥ) - causing misery, pain-causing

• नृणाम् (nṛṇām) - of men, for men, for humans

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates 'aparādhaḥ'.

वार्ष्णेयस्य (vārṣṇeyasya) - of Sātyaki (of Vārṣṇeya)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of vārṣṇeya

vārṣṇeya - descendant of Vṛṣṇi, belonging to the Vṛṣṇi clan (an epithet for Sātyaki)

Patronymic derived from Vṛṣṇi.

Note: Possessive modifier for 'aparādhaḥ'.

अपराधः (aparādhaḥ) - fault, offense, crime

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aparādha

aparādha - offense, transgression, fault, guilt

Compound of 'apa' (away, wrong) and 'rādha' (success, completion).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (apa+rādha)

• apa – away, off, wrong, bad
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating negation or separation.
• rādha – success, prosperity, fulfillment
  noun (masculine)
  From root rādh (to succeed).
  Root: rādh (class 4)

Note: Subject of the implied verb 'asti' (is).

भवितव्यं (bhavitavyaṁ) - it was to be, it must happen, it was destined

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bhavitavya

bhavitavya - that which is to be, future, destined, ought to be

Gerundive / Future Passive Participle

From root bhū (to be, become). Used impersonally.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Acts as predicate to 'tat'.

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

(indeclinable)

Particle for emphasis or explanation.

Note: Emphasizes the certainty of the statement.

तत् (tat) - that (fate/event) (that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the entire situation or event as a destined occurrence.

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

(indeclinable)

Adverb.

Note: Modifies 'bhavitavyaṃ'.

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

(indeclinable)

Ablative singular of 'tad', used adverbially as a conjunction.

Note: Introduces a conclusion or consequence.

मन्युः (manyuḥ) - anger, wrath, indignation

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of manyu

manyu - wrath, anger, spirit, passion

From root man (to think).

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Subject of 'kāryaḥ'.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates 'kāryaḥ'.

वः (vaḥ) - by you (plural) (your (plural), to you (plural))

(pronoun)

Genitive, plural of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Enclitic form for 2nd person plural genitive/dative/accusative.

Note: Functions as agent for the gerundive 'kāryaḥ', meaning 'by you'.

कार्यः (kāryaḥ) - should be harbored/entertained (to be done, should be done, should be made)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kārya

kārya - to be done, duty, business, work

Gerundive / Future Passive Participle

From root kṛ (to do, make).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agrees with 'manyuḥ', indicating what should not be done (i.e., anger should not be harbored).

क्रोधः (krodhaḥ) - anger, wrath

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of krodha

krodha - anger, wrath, rage

From root krudh (to be angry).

Root: krudh (class 4)

Note: Subject of 'duḥkhakaraḥ'.

दुःखकरः (duḥkhakaraḥ) - causing misery, pain-causing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duḥkhakara

duḥkhakara - causing pain, bringing sorrow, troublesome

Compound word.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (duḥkha+kara)

• duḥkha – suffering, misery, pain, sorrow
  noun (neuter)
• kara – making, causing, performing
  adjective (masculine)
  From root kṛ (to do, make).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Predicate adjective for 'krodhaḥ'.

नृणाम् (nṛṇām) - of men, for men, for humans

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of nṛ

nṛ - man, human being, hero

Root noun.

Root: nṛ

Note: Indicates for whom anger causes misery.