महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-96, verse-5

रथिनं च रथात्तूर्णं हयपृष्ठाच्च सादिनम् ।
गजारोहांश्च सगजान्पातयामास फाल्गुनिः ॥५॥

5. rathinaṁ ca rathāttūrṇaṁ hayapṛṣṭhācca sādinam ,
gajārohāṁśca sagajānpātayāmāsa phālguniḥ.

5. rathinam ca rathāt tūrṇam hayapṛṣṭhāt ca sādinam
gajārohān ca sagajān pātayāmāsa phālguniḥ

5. phālguniḥ tūrṇam rathāt rathinam ca hayapṛṣṭhāt
sādinam ca sagajān gajārohān ca pātayāmāsa

5. Phalguni (Abhimanyu) swiftly brought down charioteers from their chariots, horsemen from their horses' backs, and elephant riders along with their elephants.

Words meanings summery:

• रथिनम् (rathinam) - charioteer

• च (ca) - and, also

• रथात् (rathāt) - from the chariot

• तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - quickly, swiftly

• हयपृष्ठात् (hayapṛṣṭhāt) - from the horse's back

• च (ca) - and, also

• सादिनम् (sādinam) - horseman, rider

• गजारोहान् (gajārohān) - elephant riders

• च (ca) - and, also

• सगजान् (sagajān) - along with their elephants, with elephants

• पातयामास (pātayāmāsa) - he caused to fall, struck down

• फाल्गुनिः (phālguniḥ) - Abhimanyu (son of Phalguni (Arjuna); here refers to Abhimanyu)

Words meanings and morphology

रथिनम् (rathinam) - charioteer

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rathin

rathin - charioteer, possessor of a chariot

From ratha (chariot) + possessive suffix -in.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

रथात् (rathāt) - from the chariot

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

From root ramh (to go, to hasten) or ra (to give).

Root: ramh

तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - quickly, swiftly

(indeclinable)

Past Passive Participle

From root tvar (to hasten) + -na suffix.

Root: tvar (class 1)

हयपृष्ठात् (hayapṛṣṭhāt) - from the horse's back

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of hayapṛṣṭha

hayapṛṣṭha - horse's back

Compound type : tatpurusha (haya+pṛṣṭha)

• haya – horse
  noun (masculine)
• pṛṣṭha – back, surface, top
  noun (neuter)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

सादिनम् (sādinam) - horseman, rider

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sādin

sādin - rider, charioteer, horseman

From sad (to sit) or sāda (sitting) + -in.

Root: sad (class 1)

गजारोहान् (gajārohān) - elephant riders

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of gajāroha

gajāroha - elephant rider

Compound type : tatpurusha (gaja+āroha)

• gaja – elephant
  noun (masculine)
• āroha – rider, mounting
  noun (masculine)
  From ā- + √ruh (to ascend)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: ruh (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

सगजान् (sagajān) - along with their elephants, with elephants

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sagaja

sagaja - accompanied by elephants, with elephants

Prepositional compound sa- (with) + gaja (elephant).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sa+gaja)

• sa – with, accompanied by
  indeclinable
• gaja – elephant
  noun (masculine)

Note: Modifies gajārohān.

पातयामास (pātayāmāsa) - he caused to fall, struck down

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (Lit) of pāt

Periphrastic Perfect

Formed with āmāsa (auxiliary verb as in perfect tense) + pātaya (causative stem). Root pat (to fall).

Root: pat (class 1)

फाल्गुनिः (phālguniḥ) - Abhimanyu (son of Phalguni (Arjuna); here refers to Abhimanyu)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of phālguni

phālguni - descendant of Phalguna (Arjuna); by extension, Abhimanyu (Arjuna's son)

Patronymic from phālguna (Arjuna).