महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-96, verse-21

तं श्रुत्वा निनदं घोरं तव सैन्यस्य मारिष ।
मारुतोद्धूतवेगस्य समुद्रस्येव पर्वणि ।
दुर्योधनस्तदा राजा आर्श्यशृङ्गिमभाषत ॥२१॥

21. taṁ śrutvā ninadaṁ ghoraṁ tava sainyasya māriṣa ,
mārutoddhūtavegasya samudrasyeva parvaṇi ,
duryodhanastadā rājā ārśyaśṛṅgimabhāṣata.

21. tam śrutvā ninadam ghoram tava
sainyasya māriṣa mārutoddhūtavegasya
samudrasya iva parvaṇi duryodhanaḥ
tadā rājā ārśyaśṛṅgim abhāṣata

21. māriṣa (tvam) mārutoddhūtavegasya
parvaṇi samudrasya iva tava sainyasya
tam ghoram ninadam śrutvā tadā rājā
duryodhanaḥ ārśyaśṛṅgim abhāṣata

21. O respected one, when King Duryodhana heard that terrible sound from your army — a sound like the ocean's roar, its might agitated by the wind at high tide — he then spoke to Ārṣyaśṛṅgi.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - that (referring to the sound) (that, him)

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• निनदम् (ninadam) - sound (sound, roar, cry)

• घोरम् (ghoram) - terrible (terrible, dreadful)

• तव (tava) - your (Duryodhana's) (your, of you)

• सैन्यस्य (sainyasya) - of your army (of the army, of the forces)

• मारिष (māriṣa) - O respected one (addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O respected one, O noble one)

• मारुतोद्धूतवेगस्य (mārutoddhūtavegasya) - of which the might is agitated by the wind (of which the force is agitated by the wind, with wind-churned force)

• समुद्रस्य (samudrasya) - of the ocean

• इव (iva) - like (like, as, as it were)

• पर्वणि (parvaṇi) - at the time of flood/high tide (when the sea is agitated) (at a joint, at a knot, at a festival, at a critical moment, at a full/new moon)

• दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - King Duryodhana (Duryodhana (proper noun))

• तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

• राजा (rājā) - King Duryodhana (king)

• आर्श्यशृङ्गिम् (ārśyaśṛṅgim) - to Arṣyaśṛṅgi (a specific individual, likely a sage or commander) (to Arṣyaśṛṅgi)

• अभाषत (abhāṣata) - he spoke (he spoke, he said)

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - that (referring to the sound) (that, him)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to ninadam.

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root śru + ktvā suffix.

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Connects to the action of abhāṣata.

निनदम् (ninadam) - sound (sound, roar, cry)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ninada

ninada - sound, roar, cry, din

From root nad (to roar, sound) with prefix ni.

Prefix: ni

Root: nad (class 1)

Note: Object of śrutvā.

घोरम् (ghoram) - terrible (terrible, dreadful)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ghora

ghora - terrible, dreadful, awful, fierce

Note: Qualifies ninadam.

तव (tava) - your (Duryodhana's) (your, of you)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

सैन्यस्य (sainyasya) - of your army (of the army, of the forces)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of sainya

sainya - army, host, military

Derived from senā (army) + ya suffix.

Note: Possessive, referring to ninadam.

मारिष (māriṣa) - O respected one (addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O respected one, O noble one)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of māriṣa

māriṣa - noble one, respected sir, gentleman

Note: Term of address.

मारुतोद्धूतवेगस्य (mārutoddhūtavegasya) - of which the might is agitated by the wind (of which the force is agitated by the wind, with wind-churned force)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of mārutoddhūtavega

mārutoddhūtavega - whose force is agitated by the wind

Bahuvrīhi compound: māruta (wind) + uddhūta (agitated, stirred up) + vega (force, speed).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (māruta+uddhūta+vega)

• māruta – wind, air, god of wind
  noun (masculine)
• uddhūta – agitated, stirred up, shaken
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root dhū (to shake) with prefix ud.
  Prefix: ud
  Root: dhū
• vega – speed, velocity, force, impetuosity
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vij (class 6)

Note: Qualifies samudrasya.

समुद्रस्य (samudrasya) - of the ocean

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of samudra

samudra - ocean, sea

Note: Comparison is made with the ocean.

इव (iva) - like (like, as, as it were)

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle of comparison.

पर्वणि (parvaṇi) - at the time of flood/high tide (when the sea is agitated) (at a joint, at a knot, at a festival, at a critical moment, at a full/new moon)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of parvan

parvan - node, joint, knot, division, festival, critical moment, full moon/new moon

Note: Locative of time/circumstance.

दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - King Duryodhana (Duryodhana (proper noun))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (name of the eldest Kaurava prince)

Compound: dur (difficult) + yodhana (fighting).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dur+yodhana)

• dur – bad, difficult, ill
  indeclinable
• yodhana – fighting, warrior
  noun (masculine)
  From root yudh (to fight).
  Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Subject of abhāṣata.

तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

From pronoun tad + dā suffix.

Note: Adverb of time.

राजा (rājā) - King Duryodhana (king)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Note: Appositive to duryodhanaḥ.

आर्श्यशृङ्गिम् (ārśyaśṛṅgim) - to Arṣyaśṛṅgi (a specific individual, likely a sage or commander) (to Arṣyaśṛṅgi)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ārśyaśṛṅgi

ārśyaśṛṅgi - descendant of Ṛṣyaśṛṅga, or Ṛṣyaśṛṅga himself

Derived from Ṛṣyaśṛṅga (name of a sage).

Note: Object of abhāṣata.

अभाषत (abhāṣata) - he spoke (he spoke, he said)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of bhāṣ

Imperfect active

From root bhāṣ (1A), imperfect tense, third person singular, ātmanepada.

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.