महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-13, verse-50

इदं तु भारतं वर्षं यत्र वर्तामहे वयम् ।
पूर्वं प्रवर्तते पुण्यं तत्सर्वं श्रुतवानसि ॥५०॥

50. idaṁ tu bhārataṁ varṣaṁ yatra vartāmahe vayam ,
pūrvaṁ pravartate puṇyaṁ tatsarvaṁ śrutavānasi.

50. idam tu bhāratam varṣam yatra vartāmahe vayam |
pūrvam pravartate puṇyam tat sarvam śrutavān asi

50. vayam yatra vartāmahe idam tu bhāratam varṣam (atra)
pūrvam puṇyam pravartate tat sarvam śrutavān asi

50. But this `Bhārata` land, where we dwell, and where ancient merits operate, all of that you have heard.

Words meanings summery:

• इदम् (idam) - this (land) (this)

• तु (tu) - but, however (but, indeed, yet)

• भारतम् (bhāratam) - the land named Bhārata, India (relating to Bharata, Indian)

• वर्षम् (varṣam) - land, region (specifically `Bhāratavarṣa`) (land, country, rain, year)

• यत्र (yatra) - where (where, in which)

• वर्तामहे (vartāmahe) - we (Sañjaya and Dhṛtarāṣṭra) dwell (we dwell, we exist, we remain)

• वयम् (vayam) - we (Sañjaya and Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (we)

• पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - anciently, traditionally (referring to karma/merit) (formerly, previously, ancient)

• प्रवर्तते (pravartate) - operates, takes effect, unfolds (proceeds, functions, operates)

• पुण्यम् (puṇyam) - virtuous deeds or their accumulated merit (merit, virtue, righteous deed)

• तत् (tat) - all of that (which has been described) (that)

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all (of it) (all, entire)

• श्रुतवान् (śrutavān) - you have heard (having heard, one who has heard)

• असि (asi) - you are

Words meanings and morphology

इदम् (idam) - this (land) (this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this

Note: Qualifies `varṣam`.

तु (tu) - but, however (but, indeed, yet)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction/particle.

भारतम् (bhāratam) - the land named Bhārata, India (relating to Bharata, Indian)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, relating to Bharata, Indian, the Mahābhārata

Taddhita derivation from `bharata`.

Note: Often used as a proper noun for "India".

वर्षम् (varṣam) - land, region (specifically `Bhāratavarṣa`) (land, country, rain, year)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of varṣa

varṣa - rain, year, country, division of the earth

Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Refers to `Bhāratavarṣa`.

यत्र (yatra) - where (where, in which)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial.

वर्तामहे (vartāmahe) - we (Sañjaya and Dhṛtarāṣṭra) dwell (we dwell, we exist, we remain)

(verb)

1st person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of vṛt

present middle

Root `vṛt`, class 1.

Root: vṛt (class 1)

वयम् (vayam) - we (Sañjaya and Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (we)

(pronoun)

Nominative, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Subject of `vartāmahe`.

पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - anciently, traditionally (referring to karma/merit) (formerly, previously, ancient)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially meaning "formerly" or as an adjective "ancient".

प्रवर्तते (pravartate) - operates, takes effect, unfolds (proceeds, functions, operates)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of pra-vṛt

present middle

Root `vṛt` (to turn) with prefix `pra`.

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: The active verb in the second clause.

पुण्यम् (puṇyam) - virtuous deeds or their accumulated merit (merit, virtue, righteous deed)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of puṇya

puṇya - good, virtuous, auspicious, merit, virtue

Note: Refers to the ancient `dharma` and `karma` that manifest.

तत् (tat) - all of that (which has been described) (that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Object of `śrutavān asi`.

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all (of it) (all, entire)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, entire, complete

Universal pronoun.

श्रुतवान् (śrutavān) - you have heard (having heard, one who has heard)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śrutavat

śrutavat - having heard, learned, knowing the Vedas

Past Active Participle

From root `śru` (to hear) with suffix `vatup`.

Root: śru (class 5)

असि (asi) - you are

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

present active

Root `as`, class 2.

Root: as (class 2)