महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-13, verse-30

स राजा स शिवो राजन्स पिता स पितामहः ।
गोपायति नरश्रेष्ठ प्रजाः सजडपण्डिताः ॥३०॥

30. sa rājā sa śivo rājansa pitā sa pitāmahaḥ ,
gopāyati naraśreṣṭha prajāḥ sajaḍapaṇḍitāḥ.

30. saḥ rājā saḥ śivaḥ rājan saḥ pitā saḥ pitāmahaḥ
gopāyati naraśreṣṭha prajāḥ sajaḍapaṇḍitāḥ

30. rājan naraśreṣṭha,
saḥ rājā,
saḥ śivaḥ,
saḥ pitā,
saḥ pitāmahaḥ (asti).
saḥ sajaḍapaṇḍitāḥ prajāḥ gopāyati.

30. O King (rājan), O best among men (naraśreṣṭha), he is the king, he is benevolent (śiva), he is the father, he is the grandfather. He protects all subjects (prajā), both the foolish and the wise.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• राजा (rājā) - king, ruler

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• शिवः (śivaḥ) - auspicious, benevolent, Shiva

• राजन् (rājan) - O King

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• पिता (pitā) - father

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• पितामहः (pitāmahaḥ) - grandfather

• गोपायति (gopāyati) - protects, guards

• नरश्रेष्ठ (naraśreṣṭha) - O best among men

• प्रजाः (prajāḥ) - subjects, progeny, creatures

• सजडपण्डिताः (sajaḍapaṇḍitāḥ) - along with the foolish and the wise

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

राजा (rājā) - king, ruler

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

शिवः (śivaḥ) - auspicious, benevolent, Shiva

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śiva

śiva - auspicious, benevolent, gracious, prosperous, (as a proper noun) Shiva

राजन् (rājan) - O King

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

पिता (pitā) - father

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father, ancestor

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

पितामहः (pitāmahaḥ) - grandfather

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pitāmaha

pitāmaha - grandfather (father's father), (as a proper noun) Brahmā

Compound of 'pitṛ' (father) and 'mahā' (great).

Compound type : tatpurusha (pitṛ+mahā)

• pitṛ – father, ancestor
  noun (masculine)
• mahā – great, mighty, large
  adjective (masculine)

गोपायति (gopāyati) - protects, guards

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of gup

Root 'gup' in the 10th class, or a denominative from 'gopa' (protector).

Root: gup (class 10)

नरश्रेष्ठ (naraśreṣṭha) - O best among men

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of naraśreṣṭha

naraśreṣṭha - best among men, chief of men

Tatpuruṣa compound.

Compound type : tatpurusha (nara+śreṣṭha)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• śreṣṭha – best, most excellent, chief
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative of 'praśasya' (praiseworthy).

प्रजाः (prajāḥ) - subjects, progeny, creatures

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of prajā

prajā - progeny, offspring, creatures, subjects, people

From 'pra-jan' (to be born, to produce).

Prefix: pra

Root: jan (class 4)

सजडपण्डिताः (sajaḍapaṇḍitāḥ) - along with the foolish and the wise

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, plural of sajaḍapaṇḍita

sajaḍapaṇḍita - accompanied by the foolish and the wise, including the foolish and the wise

Bahuvrīhi compound: 'sa' (with) + 'jaḍa' (foolish) + 'paṇḍita' (wise).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sa+jaḍa+paṇḍita)

• sa – with, accompanied by
  indeclinable
• jaḍa – foolish, ignorant, dull, inanimate
  adjective (masculine)
• paṇḍita – learned, wise, scholar
  noun (masculine)

Note: Modifies 'prajāḥ' (feminine accusative plural).