महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-128, verse-1

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
तत्तु वाक्यमनादृत्य सोऽर्थवन्मातृभाषितम् ।
पुनः प्रतस्थे संरम्भात्सकाशमकृतात्मनाम् ॥१॥

1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
tattu vākyamanādṛtya so'rthavanmātṛbhāṣitam ,
punaḥ pratasthe saṁrambhātsakāśamakṛtātmanām.

1. vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca | tat tu
vākyam anādṛtya saḥ arthavat
mātṛ-bhāṣitam | punaḥ pratasthē
saṃrambhāt sa-kāśam akṛta-ātmanām

1. vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca tu saḥ mātṛbhāṣitam arthavat tat vākyam
anādṛtya saṃrambhāt punaḥ akṛtātmanām sakāśam pratasthē

1. Vaiśampāyana said: But he, disregarding that meaningful advice spoken by his mother, again departed in his agitation towards the company of those whose souls (ātman) were undisciplined.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - Vaiśampāyana (the narrator) (Vaiśampāyana (proper noun))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (he said, spoke)

• तत् (tat) - that (advice) (that, therefore, then)

• तु (tu) - but (but, on the other hand, however)

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - advice, counsel (word, speech, sentence, advice)

• अनादृत्य (anādṛtya) - disregarding (disregarding, disrespecting, not heeding)

• सः (saḥ) - he (Karna or Duryodhana) (he, that (masculine singular nominative))

• अर्थवत् (arthavat) - meaningful, wise (meaningful, significant, valuable, wise)

• मातृ-भाषितम् (mātṛ-bhāṣitam) - spoken by his mother (Kunti) (spoken by his mother)

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again (again, once more, back)

• प्रतस्थे (pratasthē) - he departed (he set out, he departed, he proceeded)

• संरम्भात् (saṁrambhāt) - out of agitation (from agitation, rage, excitement, fury)

• स-काशम् (sa-kāśam) - towards the company of (to the presence of, near, in the vicinity of)

• अकृत-आत्मनाम् (akṛta-ātmanām) - of those whose souls (ātman) were undisciplined (of those whose souls are undisciplined, of the wicked, of the uncultured)

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - Vaiśampāyana (the narrator) (Vaiśampāyana (proper noun))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - name of a sage, a disciple of Vyasa, who narrates the Mahabharata

A patronymic.

Note: Subject of uvāca.

उवाच (uvāca) - said (he said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

perfect active

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular, of root vac (to speak).

Root: vac (class 2)

तत् (tat) - that (advice) (that, therefore, then)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, therefore, so

Neutral nominative/accusative singular of demonstrative pronoun ta.

Note: Agrees with vākyam.

तु (tu) - but (but, on the other hand, however)

(indeclinable)

Particle used to express antithesis or emphasis.

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - advice, counsel (word, speech, sentence, advice)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - speech, sentence, word, statement, advice

From root vac (to speak).

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Direct object of anādṛtya.

अनादृत्य (anādṛtya) - disregarding (disregarding, disrespecting, not heeding)

(indeclinable)

gerund/absolutive

Absolutive (gerund) of root dṛ with prefixes an- and ā.

Prefixes: an+ā

Root: dṛ (class 6)

Note: Indeclinable participle.

सः (saḥ) - he (Karna or Duryodhana) (he, that (masculine singular nominative))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Subject of pratasthē.

अर्थवत् (arthavat) - meaningful, wise (meaningful, significant, valuable, wise)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of arthavat

arthavat - meaningful, significant, useful, wealthy, wise

From artha + matup suffix.

मातृ-भाषितम् (mātṛ-bhāṣitam) - spoken by his mother (Kunti) (spoken by his mother)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mātṛbhāṣita

mātṛbhāṣita - spoken by mother

Past Passive Participle (from bhāṣ)

Compound: mātṛ (mother) + bhāṣita (spoken).

Compound type : tatpurusha (mātṛ+bhāṣita)

• mātṛ – mother
  noun (feminine)
• bhāṣita – spoken, said, uttered (past passive participle)
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root bhāṣ (to speak).
  Root: bhāṣ (class 1)

पुनः (punaḥ) - again (again, once more, back)

(indeclinable)

प्रतस्थे (pratasthē) - he departed (he set out, he departed, he proceeded)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (liṭ) of pratasthā

perfect middle

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular, middle voice of root sthā with prefix pra.

Prefix: pra

Root: sthā (class 1)

संरम्भात् (saṁrambhāt) - out of agitation (from agitation, rage, excitement, fury)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of saṃrambha

saṁrambha - agitation, rage, fury, excitement, vehemence

From sam + rambh (to seize, be agitated).

Prefix: sam

Root: rambh (class 1)

स-काशम् (sa-kāśam) - towards the company of (to the presence of, near, in the vicinity of)

(indeclinable)

With suffix -am, it acts as an adverbial or denotes direction.

Note: Accusative functioning as an adverb of place/direction.

अकृत-आत्मनाम् (akṛta-ātmanām) - of those whose souls (ātman) were undisciplined (of those whose souls are undisciplined, of the wicked, of the uncultured)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of akṛtātman

akṛtātman - undisciplined self, uncultured, wicked, undeveloped soul

Bahuvrīhi compound: 'one whose ātman is not done/cultivated.'

Compound type : bahuvrihi (a+kṛta+ātman)

• a – not, without, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• kṛta – done, made, performed, cultivated, finished (past passive participle)
  adjective (masculine/neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root kṛ (to do, make).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, individual soul, supreme soul, essence, body
  noun (masculine)
  Root: an

Note: Genitive plural, referring to 'of those' or 'of the company of'.