महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-200, verse-7

मूढो नैकृतिकश्चापि चपलश्च द्विजोत्तम ।
सुखदुःखविपर्यासो यदा समुपपद्यते ।
नैनं प्रज्ञा सुनीतं वा त्रायते नैव पौरुषम् ॥७॥

7. mūḍho naikṛtikaścāpi capalaśca dvijottama ,
sukhaduḥkhaviparyāso yadā samupapadyate ,
nainaṁ prajñā sunītaṁ vā trāyate naiva pauruṣam.

7. mūḍhaḥ naikṛtikaḥ ca api capalaḥ ca
dvijottama yadā sukhaduḥkhaviparyāsaḥ
samupapadyate na enam prajñā
sunītam vā trāyate na eva pauruṣam

7. O best among the twice-born, when a foolish, deceitful, and fickle individual encounters a reversal of fortunes (joy and sorrow), neither wisdom nor sound policy protects him, nor does personal valor.

Words meanings summery:

• मूढः (mūḍhaḥ) - foolish, bewildered, ignorant

• नैकृतिकः (naikṛtikaḥ) - wicked, deceitful, perfidious

• च (ca) - and, also

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• चपलः (capalaḥ) - fickle, unsteady, restless

• च (ca) - and, also

• द्विजोत्तम (dvijottama) - O best among Brahmins (O best among the twice-born)

• यदा (yadā) - when, at what time

• सुखदुःखविपर्यासः (sukhaduḥkhaviparyāsaḥ) - reversal of joy and sorrow, vicissitudes of life

• समुपपद्यते (samupapadyate) - occurs, arises, happens

• न (na) - not, no

• एनम् (enam) - him, this one

• प्रज्ञा (prajñā) - wisdom, understanding, insight

• सुनीतम् (sunītam) - good policy, sound counsel

• वा (vā) - or, either

• त्रायते (trāyate) - protects, saves

• न (na) - not, no

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

• पौरुषम् (pauruṣam) - valor, manly power, human effort

Words meanings and morphology

मूढः (mūḍhaḥ) - foolish, bewildered, ignorant

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mūḍha

mūḍha - foolish, bewildered, ignorant, deluded

Past Passive Participle

From root muh (to be bewildered)

Root: muh (class 4)

Note: Qualifies an implied person.

नैकृतिकः (naikṛtikaḥ) - wicked, deceitful, perfidious

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of naikṛtika

naikṛtika - wicked, deceitful, perfidious, treacherous

Derived from nikṛti (villainy, wickedness)

Note: Qualifies an implied person.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

Note: Used for emphasis or inclusion.

चपलः (capalaḥ) - fickle, unsteady, restless

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of capala

capala - fickle, unsteady, restless, swift

Note: Qualifies an implied person.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

द्विजोत्तम (dvijottama) - O best among Brahmins (O best among the twice-born)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of dvijottama

dvijottama - best among the twice-born

Compound of dvija (twice-born) and uttama (best)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dvija+uttama)

• dvija – twice-born (Brahmin, Kṣatriya, Vaiśya); bird; tooth
  noun (masculine)
  From dvi (two) + ja (born)
  Root: jan (class 4)
• uttama – best, highest, supreme
  adjective
  Superlative suffix -tama

Note: An address to a Brahmin.

यदा (yadā) - when, at what time

(indeclinable)

Note: Temporal conjunction.

सुखदुःखविपर्यासः (sukhaduḥkhaviparyāsaḥ) - reversal of joy and sorrow, vicissitudes of life

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sukhaduḥkhaviparyāsa

sukhaduḥkhaviparyāsa - reversal of joy and sorrow, change of happiness and misery

Compound of sukha (joy), duḥkha (sorrow), and viparyāsa (reversal)

Compound type : dvandva-tatpuruṣa (sukha+duḥkha+viparyāsa)

• sukha – joy, happiness, pleasure
  noun (neuter)
• duḥkha – sorrow, pain, suffering
  noun (neuter)
• viparyāsa – reversal, inversion, change, error
  noun (masculine)
  From vi + pari + as (to throw)
  Prefixes: vi+pari
  Root: as (class 4)

Note: Subject of 'samupapadyate'.

समुपपद्यते (samupapadyate) - occurs, arises, happens

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of pad

Prefixes: sam+upa

Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Verb with upasargas `sam` and `upa`.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Note: Negation.

एनम् (enam) - him, this one

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ena

ena - this, that, him, her, it

Note: Object of 'trāyate'.

प्रज्ञा (prajñā) - wisdom, understanding, insight

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of prajñā

prajñā - wisdom, intelligence, understanding, discernment

From pra + jñā (to know)

Prefix: pra

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Subject.

सुनीतम् (sunītam) - good policy, sound counsel

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sunīta

sunīta - good conduct, good policy, sound counsel

Compound of su (good) and nīta (conduct, policy)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+nīta)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
• nīta – conducted, led, policy, principle
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root nī (to lead)
  Root: nī (class 1)

Note: Subject.

वा (vā) - or, either

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

त्रायते (trāyate) - protects, saves

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of trai

Root: trai (class 1)

Note: Middle voice verb.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Note: Negation, forming a double negation structure with 'na...eva'.

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

पौरुषम् (pauruṣam) - valor, manly power, human effort

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pauruṣa

pauruṣa - manliness, valor, human effort, virility

Derived from puruṣa (man)

Note: Subject.