महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-200, verse-4

यद्भूतहितमत्यन्तं तत्सत्यमिति धारणा ।
विपर्ययकृतोऽधर्मः पश्य धर्मस्य सूक्ष्मताम् ॥४॥

4. yadbhūtahitamatyantaṁ tatsatyamiti dhāraṇā ,
viparyayakṛto'dharmaḥ paśya dharmasya sūkṣmatām.

4. yat bhūtahitam atyantam tat satyam iti dhāraṇā |
viparyayakṛtaḥ adharmaḥ paśya dharmasya sūkṣmatām

4. That which is ultimately beneficial to all beings—that is regarded as truth; this is the firm conviction. What is contrary to this brings about unrighteousness (adharma). Behold the subtlety of natural law (dharma)!

Words meanings summery:

• यत् (yat) - Refers to 'bhūtahitam atyantam'. (that which, what)

• भूतहितम् (bhūtahitam) - beneficial to beings, welfare of creatures

• अत्यन्तम् (atyantam) - extremely, utterly, ultimately

• तत् (tat) - Refers back to 'yat bhūtahitam atyantam'. (that (neuter))

• सत्यम् (satyam) - truth, reality

• इति (iti) - Indicates a conclusion or definition. (thus, so)

• धारणा (dhāraṇā) - A fundamental understanding or firm conviction. (conviction, perception, conception, retention)

• विपर्ययकृतः (viparyayakṛtaḥ) - What is done contrary to the principle of beneficiality. (caused by the opposite, resulting from reversal)

• अधर्मः (adharmaḥ) - The opposite of what is beneficial and true. (unrighteousness, injustice, violation of natural law (dharma))

• पश्य (paśya) - An exhortation to consider deeply. (behold, see, observe (imperative))

• धर्मस्य (dharmasya) - of natural law (dharma)

• सूक्ष्मताम् (sūkṣmatām) - subtlety, minuteness

Words meanings and morphology

यत् (yat) - Refers to 'bhūtahitam atyantam'. (that which, what)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that which

Note: Can also be accusative neuter singular.

भूतहितम् (bhūtahitam) - beneficial to beings, welfare of creatures

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bhūtahita

bhūtahita - beneficial to creatures, welfare of beings

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhūta+hita)

• bhūta – being, creature, element, past
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root √bhū, Past Passive Participle
  Root: bhū (class 1)
• hita – beneficial, good, welfare
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root √dhā, Past Passive Participle
  Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Can also be accusative neuter singular.

अत्यन्तम् (atyantam) - extremely, utterly, ultimately

(indeclinable)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ati+anta)

• ati – excessive, beyond
  indeclinable
  prefix
• anta – end, limit, boundary
  noun (masculine)

Note: Often used adverbially as 'extremely'.

तत् (tat) - Refers back to 'yat bhūtahitam atyantam'. (that (neuter))

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Can also be accusative neuter singular.

सत्यम् (satyam) - truth, reality

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of satya

satya - true, real; truth, reality

from sat (present participle of √as)

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Can also be accusative neuter singular.

इति (iti) - Indicates a conclusion or definition. (thus, so)

(indeclinable)

धारणा (dhāraṇā) - A fundamental understanding or firm conviction. (conviction, perception, conception, retention)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of dhāraṇā

dhāraṇā - holding, bearing, retention, conviction, firm belief

from root √dhṛ + ana (feminine)

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

विपर्ययकृतः (viparyayakṛtaḥ) - What is done contrary to the principle of beneficiality. (caused by the opposite, resulting from reversal)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viparyayakṛta

viparyayakṛta - done by reversal, caused by the contrary

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (viparyaya+kṛta)

• viparyaya – reverse, contrary, inversion, calamity
  noun (masculine)
  from vi + pari + √i
  Prefixes: vi+pari
  Root: i (class 2)
• kṛta – done, made, caused
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root √kṛ, Past Passive Participle
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agrees with adharmaḥ (implied 'that which is...').

अधर्मः (adharmaḥ) - The opposite of what is beneficial and true. (unrighteousness, injustice, violation of natural law (dharma))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adharma

adharma - unrighteousness, injustice, vice, violation of natural law (dharma)

from a- (neg.) + dharma

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (a+dharma)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• dharma – natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue, custom
  noun (masculine)
  from root √dhṛ + man
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

पश्य (paśya) - An exhortation to consider deeply. (behold, see, observe (imperative))

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present imperative (lot) of dṛś

Present Active Imperative

root √dṛś (class 1, paśya- stem), 2nd person singular, Present active imperative

Root: dṛś (class 1)

धर्मस्य (dharmasya) - of natural law (dharma)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue, custom

from root √dhṛ + man

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

सूक्ष्मताम् (sūkṣmatām) - subtlety, minuteness

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sūkṣmatā

sūkṣmatā - subtlety, minuteness, fineness

from sūkṣma + tā (suffix for abstract noun)