महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-200, verse-4

यद्भूतहितमत्यन्तं तत्सत्यमिति धारणा ।
विपर्ययकृतोऽधर्मः पश्य धर्मस्य सूक्ष्मताम् ॥४॥

4. yadbhūtahitamatyantaṁ tatsatyamiti dhāraṇā ,
viparyayakṛto'dharmaḥ paśya dharmasya sūkṣmatām.

4. yat bhūtahitam atyantam tat satyam iti dhāraṇā |
viparyayakṛtaḥ adharmaḥ paśya dharmasya sūkṣmatām

4. That which is ultimately beneficial to all beings—that is regarded as truth; this is the firm conviction. What is contrary to this brings about unrighteousness (adharma). Behold the subtlety of natural law (dharma)!

4. מה שמיטיב מאוד עם היצורים, זו האמת, כך הדעה. מה שנעשה בהיפוך הוא עוול. ראה את דקות דרך היושר.

Words meanings summery:

• यत् (yat) - Refers to 'bhūtahitam atyantam'. (that which, what)

• भूतहितम् (bhūtahitam) - beneficial to beings, welfare of creatures

• अत्यन्तम् (atyantam) - extremely, utterly, ultimately

• तत् (tat) - Refers back to 'yat bhūtahitam atyantam'. (that (neuter))

• सत्यम् (satyam) - truth, reality

• इति (iti) - Indicates a conclusion or definition. (thus, so)

• धारणा (dhāraṇā) - A fundamental understanding or firm conviction. (conviction, perception, conception, retention)

• विपर्ययकृतः (viparyayakṛtaḥ) - What is done contrary to the principle of beneficiality. (caused by the opposite, resulting from reversal)

• अधर्मः (adharmaḥ) - The opposite of what is beneficial and true. (unrighteousness, injustice, violation of natural law (dharma))

• पश्य (paśya) - An exhortation to consider deeply. (behold, see, observe (imperative))

• धर्मस्य (dharmasya) - of natural law (dharma)

• सूक्ष्मताम् (sūkṣmatām) - subtlety, minuteness

Words meanings and morphology

यत् (yat) - Refers to 'bhūtahitam atyantam'. (that which, what)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that which

Note: Can also be accusative neuter singular.

भूतहितम् (bhūtahitam) - beneficial to beings, welfare of creatures

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bhūtahita

bhūtahita - beneficial to creatures, welfare of beings

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhūta+hita)

• bhūta – being, creature, element, past
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root √bhū, Past Passive Participle
  Root: bhū (class 1)
• hita – beneficial, good, welfare
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root √dhā, Past Passive Participle
  Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Can also be accusative neuter singular.

अत्यन्तम् (atyantam) - extremely, utterly, ultimately

(indeclinable)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ati+anta)

• ati – excessive, beyond
  indeclinable
  prefix
• anta – end, limit, boundary
  noun (masculine)

Note: Often used adverbially as 'extremely'.

तत् (tat) - Refers back to 'yat bhūtahitam atyantam'. (that (neuter))

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Can also be accusative neuter singular.

सत्यम् (satyam) - truth, reality

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of satya

satya - true, real; truth, reality

from sat (present participle of √as)

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Can also be accusative neuter singular.

इति (iti) - Indicates a conclusion or definition. (thus, so)

(indeclinable)

धारणा (dhāraṇā) - A fundamental understanding or firm conviction. (conviction, perception, conception, retention)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of dhāraṇā

dhāraṇā - holding, bearing, retention, conviction, firm belief

from root √dhṛ + ana (feminine)

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

विपर्ययकृतः (viparyayakṛtaḥ) - What is done contrary to the principle of beneficiality. (caused by the opposite, resulting from reversal)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viparyayakṛta

viparyayakṛta - done by reversal, caused by the contrary

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (viparyaya+kṛta)

• viparyaya – reverse, contrary, inversion, calamity
  noun (masculine)
  from vi + pari + √i
  Prefixes: vi+pari
  Root: i (class 2)
• kṛta – done, made, caused
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root √kṛ, Past Passive Participle
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agrees with adharmaḥ (implied 'that which is...').

अधर्मः (adharmaḥ) - The opposite of what is beneficial and true. (unrighteousness, injustice, violation of natural law (dharma))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adharma

adharma - unrighteousness, injustice, vice, violation of natural law (dharma)

from a- (neg.) + dharma

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (a+dharma)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• dharma – natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue, custom
  noun (masculine)
  from root √dhṛ + man
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

पश्य (paśya) - An exhortation to consider deeply. (behold, see, observe (imperative))

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present imperative (lot) of dṛś

Present Active Imperative

root √dṛś (class 1, paśya- stem), 2nd person singular, Present active imperative

Root: dṛś (class 1)

धर्मस्य (dharmasya) - of natural law (dharma)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue, custom

from root √dhṛ + man

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

सूक्ष्मताम् (sūkṣmatām) - subtlety, minuteness

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sūkṣmatā

sūkṣmatā - subtlety, minuteness, fineness

from sūkṣma + tā (suffix for abstract noun)

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