महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-200, verse-52

इन्द्रियाणां निरोधेन सत्येन च दमेन च ।
ब्रह्मणः पदमाप्नोति यत्परं द्विजसत्तम ॥५२॥

52. indriyāṇāṁ nirodhena satyena ca damena ca ,
brahmaṇaḥ padamāpnoti yatparaṁ dvijasattama.

52. indriyāṇām nirodhena satyena ca damena ca
brahmaṇaḥ padam āpnoti yat param dvijasattama

52. O best among the twice-born (dvija), through the restraint of the senses, by truthfulness, and by self-control, one attains that supreme state of brahman (brahman).

52. בעזרת ריסון החושים, אמת ושליטה עצמית, הוא מגיע אל מצבה של המציאות הקוסמית, אשר הוא העליון, הו מיטב הבְּרַהְמִינִים.

Words meanings summery:

• इन्द्रियाणाम् (indriyāṇām) - of the senses

• निरोधेन (nirodhena) - by restraint, by control, by suppression

• सत्येन (satyena) - by truth, by truthfulness, by reality

• च (ca) - and, also

• दमेन (damena) - by self-control, by restraint (of senses)

• च (ca) - and, also

• ब्रह्मणः (brahmaṇaḥ) - of brahman (brahman)

• पदम् (padam) - state, position, abode

• आप्नोति (āpnoti) - one attains, obtains, reaches

• यत् (yat) - which

• परम् (param) - supreme, ultimate, highest

• द्विजसत्तम (dvijasattama) - O best among the twice-born (dvija), O excellent brahmin

Words meanings and morphology

इन्द्रियाणाम् (indriyāṇām) - of the senses

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of indriya

indriya - sense organ, faculty, vitality

निरोधेन (nirodhena) - by restraint, by control, by suppression

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of nirodha

nirodha - restraint, control, suppression, confinement

Derived from ni- + rudh- (to obstruct, block)

Prefix: ni

Root: rudh (class 7)

Note: Indicates the means.

सत्येन (satyena) - by truth, by truthfulness, by reality

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of satya

satya - truth, reality (noun); true, real (adj.)

Derived from sat (being)

Note: Indicates the means.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

दमेन (damena) - by self-control, by restraint (of senses)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dama

dama - self-control, control of the senses, restraint

Derived from root dam- (to tame, control)

Root: dam (class 4)

Note: Indicates the means.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

ब्रह्मणः (brahmaṇaḥ) - of brahman (brahman)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of brahman

brahman - the Absolute, the Supreme Reality (brahman)

पदम् (padam) - state, position, abode

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pada

pada - step, foot, state, position, abode, goal

Note: Direct object of āpnoti. Fuses with 'āpnoti' due to vowel sandhi (m+ā).

आप्नोति (āpnoti) - one attains, obtains, reaches

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of āp

Present Indicative

3rd person singular, Parasmaipada

Root: āp (class 5)

यत् (yat) - which

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what

Note: Relative pronoun, agrees with padam.

परम् (param) - supreme, ultimate, highest

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of para

para - supreme, ultimate, highest, other

Note: Qualifies padam.

द्विजसत्तम (dvijasattama) - O best among the twice-born (dvija), O excellent brahmin

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of dvijasattama

dvijasattama - best among the twice-born, excellent brahmin

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dvija+sattama)

• dvija – twice-born (dvija), brahmin, bird, tooth
  noun (masculine)
• sattama – best, excellent, supreme
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative suffix -tama

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