महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-200, verse-52

इन्द्रियाणां निरोधेन सत्येन च दमेन च ।
ब्रह्मणः पदमाप्नोति यत्परं द्विजसत्तम ॥५२॥

52. indriyāṇāṁ nirodhena satyena ca damena ca ,
brahmaṇaḥ padamāpnoti yatparaṁ dvijasattama.

52. indriyāṇām nirodhena satyena ca damena ca
brahmaṇaḥ padam āpnoti yat param dvijasattama

52. O best among the twice-born (dvija), through the restraint of the senses, by truthfulness, and by self-control, one attains that supreme state of brahman (brahman).

Words meanings summery:

• इन्द्रियाणाम् (indriyāṇām) - of the senses

• निरोधेन (nirodhena) - by restraint, by control, by suppression

• सत्येन (satyena) - by truth, by truthfulness, by reality

• च (ca) - and, also

• दमेन (damena) - by self-control, by restraint (of senses)

• च (ca) - and, also

• ब्रह्मणः (brahmaṇaḥ) - of brahman (brahman)

• पदम् (padam) - state, position, abode

• आप्नोति (āpnoti) - one attains, obtains, reaches

• यत् (yat) - which

• परम् (param) - supreme, ultimate, highest

• द्विजसत्तम (dvijasattama) - O best among the twice-born (dvija), O excellent brahmin

Words meanings and morphology

इन्द्रियाणाम् (indriyāṇām) - of the senses

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of indriya

indriya - sense organ, faculty, vitality

निरोधेन (nirodhena) - by restraint, by control, by suppression

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of nirodha

nirodha - restraint, control, suppression, confinement

Derived from ni- + rudh- (to obstruct, block)

Prefix: ni

Root: rudh (class 7)

Note: Indicates the means.

सत्येन (satyena) - by truth, by truthfulness, by reality

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of satya

satya - truth, reality (noun); true, real (adj.)

Derived from sat (being)

Note: Indicates the means.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

दमेन (damena) - by self-control, by restraint (of senses)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dama

dama - self-control, control of the senses, restraint

Derived from root dam- (to tame, control)

Root: dam (class 4)

Note: Indicates the means.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

ब्रह्मणः (brahmaṇaḥ) - of brahman (brahman)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of brahman

brahman - the Absolute, the Supreme Reality (brahman)

पदम् (padam) - state, position, abode

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pada

pada - step, foot, state, position, abode, goal

Note: Direct object of āpnoti. Fuses with 'āpnoti' due to vowel sandhi (m+ā).

आप्नोति (āpnoti) - one attains, obtains, reaches

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of āp

Present Indicative

3rd person singular, Parasmaipada

Root: āp (class 5)

यत् (yat) - which

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what

Note: Relative pronoun, agrees with padam.

परम् (param) - supreme, ultimate, highest

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of para

para - supreme, ultimate, highest, other

Note: Qualifies padam.

द्विजसत्तम (dvijasattama) - O best among the twice-born (dvija), O excellent brahmin

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of dvijasattama

dvijasattama - best among the twice-born, excellent brahmin

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dvija+sattama)

• dvija – twice-born (dvija), brahmin, bird, tooth
  noun (masculine)
• sattama – best, excellent, supreme
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative suffix -tama