महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-200, verse-26

व्याध उवाच ।
न जीवनाशोऽस्ति हि देहभेदे मिथ्यैतदाहुर्म्रियतेति मूढाः ।
जीवस्तु देहान्तरितः प्रयाति दशार्धतैवास्य शरीरभेदः ॥२६॥

26. vyādha uvāca ,
na jīvanāśo'sti hi dehabhede; mithyaitadāhurmriyateti mūḍhāḥ ,
jīvastu dehāntaritaḥ prayāti; daśārdhataivāsya śarīrabhedaḥ.

26. vyādhaḥ uvāca na jīvanāśaḥ asti hi
dehabhede mithyā etat āhuḥ mriyate
iti mūḍhāḥ jīvaḥ tu dehāntaritaḥ
prayāti daśārdhatā eva asya śarīrabhedaḥ

26. The hunter said: Indeed, there is no destruction of the individual soul (jīva) at the dissolution of the body. The deluded ones falsely declare, 'it dies.' Rather, the individual soul (jīva) departs, having entered another body; the breaking apart of its current body is merely its return to its five elemental constituents.

Words meanings summery:

• व्याधः (vyādhaḥ) - the hunter

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• न (na) - not, no

• जीवनाशः (jīvanāśaḥ) - destruction of the individual soul, loss of life

• अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

• देहभेदे (dehabhede) - in the dissolution of the body, in the breaking of the body

• मिथ्या (mithyā) - falsely, wrongly, untrue

• एतत् (etat) - this

• आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say, they declare

• म्रियते (mriyate) - (it) dies, perishes

• इति (iti) - thus, so, indicates quotation

• मूढाः (mūḍhāḥ) - the deluded ones, fools

• जीवः (jīvaḥ) - the individual soul, living being

• तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, however

• देहान्तरितः (dehāntaritaḥ) - having transitioned into another physical form (having entered another body, being in another body)

• प्रयाति (prayāti) - goes forth, departs, proceeds

• दशार्धता (daśārdhatā) - the return to the five elemental constituents (the state of being five-fold, five-foldness)

• एव (eva) - merely, only, indeed

• अस्य (asya) - of this, his, its

• शरीरभेदः (śarīrabhedaḥ) - the dissolution of the body, breaking of the body

Words meanings and morphology

व्याधः (vyādhaḥ) - the hunter

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vyādha

vyādha - hunter, fowler, killer, cruel person

From vi- + √han (to strike, kill), with suffix -ḍha

Prefix: vi

Root: han (class 2)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (Lit) of vac

Perfect active

3rd person singular, Perfect active indicative

Root: vac (class 2)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Negation particle

जीवनाशः (jīvanāśaḥ) - destruction of the individual soul, loss of life

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jīvanāśa

jīvanāśa - destruction of life, cessation of existence

Compound noun

Compound type : tatpurusha (jīva+nāśa)

• jīva – individual soul, living being, life
  noun (masculine)
  From root √jīv (to live)
  Root: jīv (class 1)
• nāśa – destruction, ruin, loss, disappearance
  noun (masculine)
  From root √naś (to perish, to be lost)
  Root: naś (class 4)

अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (Laṭ) of as

Present active

3rd person singular, Present active indicative

Root: as (class 2)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

(indeclinable)

Emphatic or causal particle

देहभेदे (dehabhede) - in the dissolution of the body, in the breaking of the body

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of dehabheda

dehabheda - dissolution of the body, breaking of the body

Compound noun

Compound type : tatpurusha (deha+bheda)

• deha – body, form, person
  noun (masculine)
  From root √dih (to anoint, smear, grow)
  Root: dih (class 1)
• bheda – breaking, splitting, dissolution, distinction, difference
  noun (masculine)
  From root √bhid (to break, split)
  Root: bhid (class 7)

Note: Locative of time or circumstance

मिथ्या (mithyā) - falsely, wrongly, untrue

(indeclinable)

Adverbial form

एतत् (etat) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, that (near)

Demonstrative pronoun

आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say, they declare

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (used as perfect) (Lit) of ah

Perfect active

3rd person plural, Perfect active indicative (often used as present)

Root: ah (class 2)

म्रियते (mriyate) - (it) dies, perishes

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (Laṭ) of mṛ

Present middle

3rd person singular, Present middle (ātmanepada) indicative

Root: mṛ (class 6)

Note: The middle voice highlights the action's effect on the subject

इति (iti) - thus, so, indicates quotation

(indeclinable)

Quotative particle

मूढाः (mūḍhāḥ) - the deluded ones, fools

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mūḍha

mūḍha - foolish, stupid, deluded, bewildered

Past Passive Participle

From root √muh (to be bewildered, confused)

Root: muh (class 4)

जीवः (jīvaḥ) - the individual soul, living being

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jīva

jīva - individual soul, living being, life

From root √jīv (to live)

Root: jīv (class 1)

तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, however

(indeclinable)

Conjunction/particle

देहान्तरितः (dehāntaritaḥ) - having transitioned into another physical form (having entered another body, being in another body)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dehāntarita

dehāntarita - having another body, placed in another body

Compound. From deha (body) + antara (other) + ita (gone)

Compound type : tatpurusha (deha+antara+ita)

• deha – body, form, person
  noun (masculine)
  From root √dih (to anoint, smear, grow)
  Root: dih (class 1)
• antara – other, different, intermediate, interior
  adjective (neuter)
• ita – gone, arrived at
  participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √i (to go)
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Agrees with jīvaḥ

प्रयाति (prayāti) - goes forth, departs, proceeds

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (Laṭ) of pra-yā

Present active

3rd person singular, Present active indicative

Prefix: pra

Root: yā (class 2)

दशार्धता (daśārdhatā) - the return to the five elemental constituents (the state of being five-fold, five-foldness)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of daśārdhatā

daśārdhatā - half of ten (five), five-foldness, the state of being five

From daśārdha (five) + tā (abstract suffix). Daśa (ten) + ardha (half)

Compound type : tatpurusha (daśan+ardha+tā)

• daśan – ten
  numeral
• ardha – half, part, side
  noun/adjective (neuter)
• tā – suffix forming abstract nouns
  suffix (feminine)
  Forms feminine abstract nouns

Note: This term refers to the five elements, and the dissolution of the body into these elements

एव (eva) - merely, only, indeed

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle

अस्य (asya) - of this, his, its

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Refers to the jīva

शरीरभेदः (śarīrabhedaḥ) - the dissolution of the body, breaking of the body

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śarīrabheda

śarīrabheda - dissolution of the body, death

Compound noun

Compound type : tatpurusha (śarīra+bheda)

• śarīra – body, corporeal frame
  noun (neuter)
  From root √śṛ (to break, to crumble), implies that which decays
  Root: śṛ (class 1)
• bheda – breaking, splitting, dissolution, distinction, difference
  noun (masculine)
  From root √bhid (to break, split)
  Root: bhid (class 7)