महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-200, verse-44

प्राज्ञो धर्मेण रमते धर्मं चैवोपजीवति ।
तस्य धर्मादवाप्तेषु धनेषु द्विजसत्तम ।
तस्यैव सिञ्चते मूलं गुणान्पश्यति यत्र वै ॥४४॥

44. prājño dharmeṇa ramate dharmaṁ caivopajīvati ,
tasya dharmādavāpteṣu dhaneṣu dvijasattama ,
tasyaiva siñcate mūlaṁ guṇānpaśyati yatra vai.

44. prājñaḥ dharmeṇa ramate dharmam ca
eva upajīvati tasya dharmāt avāpteṣu
dhaneṣu dvijasattama tasya eva
siñcate mūlam guṇān paśyati yatra vai

44. A wise person (prājña) delights in natural law (dharma) and, indeed, thrives by it. O best of twice-born (dvija), with the wealth he obtains through natural law (dharma), he himself nourishes its root, for he truly perceives virtues wherever it is present.

Words meanings summery:

• प्राज्ञः (prājñaḥ) - a wise person, an intelligent person

• धर्मेण (dharmeṇa) - by natural law (dharma), by righteousness, by duty

• रमते (ramate) - delights, rejoices, enjoys

• धर्मम् (dharmam) - natural law (dharma), righteousness, duty

• च (ca) - and

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly

• उपजीवति (upajīvati) - lives by, thrives upon, subsists

• तस्य (tasya) - his, of him, for him

• धर्मात् (dharmāt) - from natural law (dharma), through duty

• अवाप्तेषु (avāpteṣu) - among the obtained, in the acquired

• धनेषु (dhaneṣu) - in the wealths, among the riches

• द्विजसत्तम (dvijasattama) - O best of twice-born (dvija)

• तस्य (tasya) - of that (dharma), its

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly

• सिञ्चते (siñcate) - waters, sprinkles, nourishes

• मूलम् (mūlam) - root, origin, foundation

• गुणान् (guṇān) - virtues, qualities, attributes

• पश्यति (paśyati) - sees, perceives, observes

• यत्र (yatra) - where, in which place, wherein

• वै (vai) - indeed, truly, surely

Words meanings and morphology

प्राज्ञः (prājñaḥ) - a wise person, an intelligent person

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prājña

prājña - wise, intelligent, knowing, discerning

From prefix pra- + root jñā (to know)

Prefix: pra

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Used as a noun referring to 'a wise person'.

धर्मेण (dharmeṇa) - by natural law (dharma), by righteousness, by duty

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, virtue, custom

From root dhṛ (to uphold, sustain)

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

रमते (ramate) - delights, rejoices, enjoys

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of ram

Root: ram (class 1)

धर्मम् (dharmam) - natural law (dharma), righteousness, duty

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, virtue, custom

From root dhṛ (to uphold, sustain)

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

उपजीवति (upajīvati) - lives by, thrives upon, subsists

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of upajīv

Prefix: upa

Root: jīv (class 1)

तस्य (tasya) - his, of him, for him

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the 'prājña'.

धर्मात् (dharmāt) - from natural law (dharma), through duty

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, virtue, custom

From root dhṛ (to uphold, sustain)

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

अवाप्तेषु (avāpteṣu) - among the obtained, in the acquired

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, plural of avāpta

avāpta - obtained, acquired, reached, gained

Past Passive Participle

From prefix ava- + root āp (to obtain, reach)

Prefix: ava

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Agrees with 'dhaneṣu'.

धनेषु (dhaneṣu) - in the wealths, among the riches

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of dhana

dhana - wealth, riches, property, money

From root dhā (to place, put, bestow)

Root: dhā (class 3)

द्विजसत्तम (dvijasattama) - O best of twice-born (dvija)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of dvijasattama

dvijasattama - best among the twice-born

Tatpurusha compound (sattama is superlative suffix)

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (dvija+sattama)

• dvija – twice-born
  noun (masculine)
  Compound: dvi (two) + ja (born)
• sattama – best, most excellent, supreme
  adjective
  Superlative suffix -tama

Note: Epithet.

तस्य (tasya) - of that (dharma), its

(pronoun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the 'dharma' mentioned earlier.

एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

सिञ्चते (siñcate) - waters, sprinkles, nourishes

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of siñc

Root: siñc (class 6)

मूलम् (mūlam) - root, origin, foundation

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mūla

mūla - root, origin, foundation, base, source

गुणान् (guṇān) - virtues, qualities, attributes

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of guṇa

guṇa - quality, virtue, attribute, constituent of nature, excellence

पश्यति (paśyati) - sees, perceives, observes

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of dṛś

Root: dṛś (class 1)

यत्र (yatra) - where, in which place, wherein

(indeclinable)

From yad + tral suffix

Note: Locative adverb.

वै (vai) - indeed, truly, surely

(indeclinable)

Note: Expletive particle.