महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-176, verse-51

स गत्वा तैस्तदा चिह्नैर्ददर्श गिरिगह्वरे ।
गृहीतं भुजगेन्द्रेण निश्चेष्टमनुजं तथा ॥५१॥

51. sa gatvā taistadā cihnairdadarśa girigahvare ,
gṛhītaṁ bhujagendreṇa niśceṣṭamanujaṁ tathā.

51. sa gatvā taiḥ tadā cihnaiḥ dadarśa girigahvare
gṛhītam bhujagendreṇa niśceṣṭam anujam tathā

51. Following those signs, he then went and saw his younger brother in a mountain cave, seized by the king of serpents and lying motionless.

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - He (Yudhiṣṭhira) (he, that)

• गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone

• तैः (taiḥ) - by them, by those

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• चिह्नैः (cihnaiḥ) - by signs, by marks

• ददर्श (dadarśa) - he saw

• गिरिगह्वरे (girigahvare) - in the mountain cave

• गृहीतम् (gṛhītam) - seized, caught, taken

• भुजगेन्द्रेण (bhujagendreṇa) - by the serpent king (Nahuṣa) (by the king of serpents)

• निश्चेष्टम् (niśceṣṭam) - motionless, inert

• अनुजम् (anujam) - Bhīmasena (Yudhiṣṭhira's younger brother) (younger brother)

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, also

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - He (Yudhiṣṭhira) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

Derived from root gam with suffix -tvā

Root: gam (class 1)

तैः (taiḥ) - by them, by those

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

चिह्नैः (cihnaiḥ) - by signs, by marks

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of cihna

cihna - sign, mark, characteristic

ददर्श (dadarśa) - he saw

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of dṛś

Past Perfect Tense (Liṭ)

Root dṛś, 3rd person singular, active voice, past perfect tense (liṭ)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

गिरिगह्वरे (girigahvare) - in the mountain cave

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of girigahvara

girigahvara - mountain cave

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (giri+gahvara)

• giri – mountain, hill
  noun (masculine)
• gahvara – cave, cavern, abyss
  noun (neuter)

गृहीतम् (gṛhītam) - seized, caught, taken

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of gṛhīta

gṛhīta - seized, caught, taken

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root grah with suffix -kta

Root: grah (class 9)

Note: Agrees with anujam.

भुजगेन्द्रेण (bhujagendreṇa) - by the serpent king (Nahuṣa) (by the king of serpents)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhujagendra

bhujagendra - king of serpents, excellent serpent

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhujaga+indra)

• bhujaga – serpent, snake (lit. moving by arm/body)
  noun (masculine)
• indra – chief, lord, king
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Nahuṣa.

निश्चेष्टम् (niśceṣṭam) - motionless, inert

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of niśceṣṭa

niśceṣṭa - motionless, inactive, inert

Derived from nis + ceṣṭa

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nis+ceṣṭa)

• nis – without, out of
  indeclinable
• ceṣṭa – action, movement, effort
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ceṣṭ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with anujam.

अनुजम् (anujam) - Bhīmasena (Yudhiṣṭhira's younger brother) (younger brother)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of anuja

anuja - younger brother (lit. born after)

Derived from anu- + jan 'to be born'

Prefix: anu

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Refers to Bhīmasena.

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, also

(indeclinable)