महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-176, verse-27

दैवं पुरुषकारेण को निवर्तितुमर्हति ।
दैवमेव परं मन्ये पुरुषार्थो निरर्थकः ॥२७॥

27. daivaṁ puruṣakāreṇa ko nivartitumarhati ,
daivameva paraṁ manye puruṣārtho nirarthakaḥ.

27. daivam puruṣakāreṇa kaḥ nivartitum arhati |
daivam eva param manye puruṣārthaḥ nirarthakaḥ

27. Who can avert fate (daiva) by means of human effort (puruṣakāra)? I believe that fate (daiva) alone is supreme, and human endeavor (puruṣārtha) is meaningless.

Words meanings summery:

• दैवम् (daivam) - fate, destiny, divine will

• पुरुषकारेण (puruṣakāreṇa) - by human effort, by individual exertion

• कः (kaḥ) - who, what

• निवर्तितुम् (nivartitum) - to avert, to ward off, to cause to return

• अर्हति (arhati) - is able, deserves, is worthy

• दैवम् (daivam) - fate, destiny, divine will

• एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, precisely

• परम् (param) - supreme, highest, excellent, ultimate

• मन्ये (manye) - I think, I believe, I consider

• पुरुषार्थः (puruṣārthaḥ) - human endeavor, human aim, purpose of man

• निरर्थकः (nirarthakaḥ) - futile, meaningless, useless

Words meanings and morphology

दैवम् (daivam) - fate, destiny, divine will

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of daiva

daiva - fate, destiny, divine ordinance, divine power, divine being

From deva (deity) + aṇ suffix.

Root: div

Note: Also accusative singular neuter. Context implies nominative here (subject of 'is supreme').

पुरुषकारेण (puruṣakāreṇa) - by human effort, by individual exertion

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of puruṣakāra

puruṣakāra - human effort, exertion by a person

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (puruṣa+kāra)

• puruṣa – man, human being, person, cosmic person (puruṣa)
  noun (masculine)
• kāra – action, deed, making, doing, effort
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root kṛ (to do, to make) with ghaN suffix.
  Root: kṛ

कः (kaḥ) - who, what

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

निवर्तितुम् (nivartitum) - to avert, to ward off, to cause to return

(indeclinable)

infinitive

Infinitive from root vṛt (to turn) with ni prefix, in causative voice. ni-vṛt (to return), ni-vartayati (to cause to return/avert).

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

अर्हति (arhati) - is able, deserves, is worthy

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arh

Root: arh (class 1)

दैवम् (daivam) - fate, destiny, divine will

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of daiva

daiva - fate, destiny, divine ordinance, divine power, divine being

From deva (deity) + aṇ suffix.

Root: div

Note: Object of manye.

एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, precisely

(indeclinable)

Particle used for emphasis.

परम् (param) - supreme, highest, excellent, ultimate

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of para

para - supreme, highest, excellent, ultimate, other, next

Note: Also accusative singular neuter. Here, acts as predicate adjective for daivam.

मन्ये (manye) - I think, I believe, I consider

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of man

Root: man (class 4)

पुरुषार्थः (puruṣārthaḥ) - human endeavor, human aim, purpose of man

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of puruṣārtha

puruṣārtha - human aim, human endeavor, purpose of man, object of human pursuit

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (puruṣa+artha)

• puruṣa – man, human being, person, cosmic person (puruṣa)
  noun (masculine)
• artha – purpose, aim, object, meaning, wealth, prosperity
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of implied 'is'.

निरर्थकः (nirarthakaḥ) - futile, meaningless, useless

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nirarthaka

nirarthaka - futile, meaningless, useless, without purpose

From nis (without) + artha (meaning, purpose) + ka (suffix).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nis+artha+ka)

• nis – without, out, away
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• artha – purpose, meaning, object, wealth
  noun (masculine)
• ka – suffix forming adjectives
  suffix
  Primary suffix for agent/adjective.

Note: Predicate adjective.