महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-176, verse-49

स तस्य पदमुन्नीय तस्मादेवाश्रमात्प्रभुः ।
ददर्श पृथिवीं चिह्नैर्भीमस्य परिचिह्निताम् ॥४९॥

49. sa tasya padamunnīya tasmādevāśramātprabhuḥ ,
dadarśa pṛthivīṁ cihnairbhīmasya paricihnitām.

49. saḥ tasya padam unnīya tasmāt eva āśramāt prabhuḥ
dadarśa pṛthivīm cihnaiḥ bhīmasya paricihnitām

49. The lord (Yudhiṣṭhira), having picked up his (Bhīma's) trail from that very hermitage (āśrama), saw the ground everywhere marked by Bhīma's (Bhīma) signs.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - He (Yudhiṣṭhira) (he, that)

• तस्य (tasya) - of Bhīma (his, of him)

• पदम् (padam) - footprint or track (track, footprint, step)

• उन्नीय (unnīya) - having picked up/traced (a trail) (having raised, having lifted, having traced (a path))

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - from that

• एव (eva) - indeed, very, only

• आश्रमात् (āśramāt) - from the hermitage

• प्रभुः (prabhuḥ) - the lord (Yudhiṣṭhira) (lord, master, mighty one)

• ददर्श (dadarśa) - he saw, he beheld

• पृथिवीम् (pṛthivīm) - the earth, the ground

• चिह्नैः (cihnaiḥ) - by marks, by signs, by symbols

• भीमस्य (bhīmasya) - of Bhīma

• परिचिह्निताम् (paricihnitām) - completely marked, fully indicated

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - He (Yudhiṣṭhira) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तस्य (tasya) - of Bhīma (his, of him)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Bhīma.

पदम् (padam) - footprint or track (track, footprint, step)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pada

pada - foot, step, trace, mark, track

Note: Object of `unnīya` (implied).

उन्नीय (unnīya) - having picked up/traced (a trail) (having raised, having lifted, having traced (a path))

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Root `nī` (to lead) with prefix `ud`.

Prefix: ud

Root: nī (class 1)

Note: Denotes an action completed before the main verb `dadarśa`.

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - from that

(pronoun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to `āśramāt`.

एव (eva) - indeed, very, only

(indeclinable)

Emphasizing particle.

Note: Emphasizes `tasmāt`.

आश्रमात् (āśramāt) - from the hermitage

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of āśrama

āśrama - hermitage, abode of ascetics; a stage of life (āśrama)

From `ā-śram` (to exert, to practice austerity).

Root: śram (class 4)

Note: Denotes origin or starting point.

प्रभुः (prabhuḥ) - the lord (Yudhiṣṭhira) (lord, master, mighty one)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prabhu

prabhu - lord, master, king, powerful, mighty

From `pra-bhū` (to be mighty, to be a master).

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Subject of `dadarśa`.

ददर्श (dadarśa) - he saw, he beheld

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, Perfect (liṭ) of dṛś

Perfect, third person singular, active voice

Irregular perfect form from root `dṛś`.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

पृथिवीम् (pṛthivīm) - the earth, the ground

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of pṛthivī

pṛthivī - earth, ground, land

Note: Object of `dadarśa`.

चिह्नैः (cihnaiḥ) - by marks, by signs, by symbols

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of cihna

cihna - mark, sign, token, symbol

Note: Indicates the means by which the earth was marked.

भीमस्य (bhīmasya) - of Bhīma

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bhīma

bhīma - Bhīma (one of the Pāṇḍavas), terrible, formidable

Note: Possessive, refers to whose marks they are.

परिचिह्निताम् (paricihnitām) - completely marked, fully indicated

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of paricihnita

paricihnita - marked, distinguished, identified all around

Past Passive Participle

From root `cih` (to mark) with prefix `pari`.

Prefix: pari

Root: cih

Note: Agrees with `pṛthivīm`.