महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-71, verse-8

धृतराष्ट्र उवाच ।
विविधानीह रूपाणि कृत्वा गच्छन्ति पाण्डवाः ।
तन्ममाचक्ष्व विदुर कस्मादेवं व्रजन्ति ते ॥८॥

8. dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca ,
vividhānīha rūpāṇi kṛtvā gacchanti pāṇḍavāḥ ,
tanmamācakṣva vidura kasmādevaṁ vrajanti te.

8. dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ uvāca vividhāni iha rūpāṇi kṛtvā gacchanti
pāṇḍavāḥ tat mama ācakṣva vidura kasmāt evam vrajanti te

8. Dhritarashtra said: "The Pandavas are going forth having assumed various forms here. Therefore, tell me, Vidura, why do they proceed in this manner?"

Words meanings summery:

• धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - Dhritarashtra

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• विविधानि (vividhāni) - various, diverse

• इह (iha) - here, in this world

• रूपाणि (rūpāṇi) - forms, appearances

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having assumed (forms) (having done, having made, having assumed)

• गच्छन्ति (gacchanti) - the Pandavas go (they go, they walk)

• पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - the sons of Pandu, the Pandavas

• तत् (tat) - Therefore (requesting an explanation) (that, therefore, so)

• मम (mama) - to me (to me, my)

• आचक्ष्व (ācakṣva) - tell, explain

• विदुर (vidura) - Vidura

• कस्मात् (kasmāt) - why, from what (cause)

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

• व्रजन्ति (vrajanti) - they go, they proceed

• ते (te) - the Pandavas (they)

Words meanings and morphology

धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - Dhritarashtra

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhṛtarāṣṭra

dhṛtarāṣṭra - Dhritarashtra (name of the blind king)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect

Root vac, perfect third person singular

Root: vac (class 2)

विविधानि (vividhāni) - various, diverse

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, plural of vividha

vividha - various, diverse, manifold

Note: Agrees with 'rūpāṇi'

इह (iha) - here, in this world

(indeclinable)

रूपाणि (rūpāṇi) - forms, appearances

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of rūpa

rūpa - form, shape, appearance, beauty

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having assumed (forms) (having done, having made, having assumed)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Indeclinable participle formed from root kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

गच्छन्ति (gacchanti) - the Pandavas go (they go, they walk)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (lat) of gam

Root: gam (class 1)

पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - the sons of Pandu, the Pandavas

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - a descendant of Pandu; the Pandavas (Yudhishthira, Bhima, Arjuna, Nakula, Sahadeva)

Patronymic from Paṇḍu

तत् (tat) - Therefore (requesting an explanation) (that, therefore, so)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially here

मम (mama) - to me (to me, my)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me (first person pronoun)

Note: Can also function as dative in some contexts

आचक्ष्व (ācakṣva) - tell, explain

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (lot) of cakṣ

Imperative

Root cakṣ with upasarga ā, 2nd person singular imperative middle voice

Prefix: ā

Root: cakṣ (class 2)

विदुर (vidura) - Vidura

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vidura

vidura - Vidura (proper name, half-brother of Dhritarashtra)

कस्मात् (kasmāt) - why, from what (cause)

(indeclinable)

Note: Ablative singular of 'kim' used adverbially

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

(indeclinable)

व्रजन्ति (vrajanti) - they go, they proceed

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (lat) of vraj

Root: vraj (class 1)

ते (te) - the Pandavas (they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that; he, she, it, they