महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-71, verse-36

धर्मतः पाण्डुपुत्रा वै वनं गच्छन्ति निर्जिताः ।
ते च द्वादश वर्षाणि वने वत्स्यन्ति कौरवाः ॥३६॥

36. dharmataḥ pāṇḍuputrā vai vanaṁ gacchanti nirjitāḥ ,
te ca dvādaśa varṣāṇi vane vatsyanti kauravāḥ.

36. dharmataḥ pāṇḍuputrā vai vanam gacchanti nirjitāḥ
te ca dvādaśa varṣāṇi vane vatsyanti kauravāḥ

36. Indeed, by natural law (dharma), the sons of Pāṇḍu, though defeated, are going to the forest. And they, the Kauravas (Pāṇḍavas), will dwell in the forest for twelve years.

Words meanings summery:

• धर्मतः (dharmataḥ) - according to natural law, by right, righteously

• पाण्डुपुत्रा (pāṇḍuputrā) - the sons of Pāṇḍu, Pāṇḍavas

• वै (vai) - indeed, surely, certainly

• वनम् (vanam) - forest, wood, grove

• गच्छन्ति (gacchanti) - they go, they are going

• निर्जिताः (nirjitāḥ) - defeated, conquered, overcome

• ते (te) - they

• च (ca) - and

• द्वादश (dvādaśa) - twelve

• वर्षाणि (varṣāṇi) - years

• वने (vane) - in the forest

• वत्स्यन्ति (vatsyanti) - they will dwell, they will reside

• कौरवाः (kauravāḥ) - (referring to the Pāṇḍavas as descendants of Kuru) (descendants of Kuru, Kauravas)

Words meanings and morphology

धर्मतः (dharmataḥ) - according to natural law, by right, righteously

(indeclinable)

Suffix -tas (तस्) indicates 'from', 'by means of', or 'according to'.

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

पाण्डुपुत्रा (pāṇḍuputrā) - the sons of Pāṇḍu, Pāṇḍavas

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍuputra

pāṇḍuputra - son of Pāṇḍu

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pāṇḍu+putra)

• pāṇḍu – Pāṇḍu (name of a king)
  proper noun (masculine)
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

वै (vai) - indeed, surely, certainly

(indeclinable)

वनम् (vanam) - forest, wood, grove

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove, habitation

Root: van (class 1)

गच्छन्ति (gacchanti) - they go, they are going

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of gam

Present Tense

3rd person plural present active indicative

Root: gam (class 1)

निर्जिताः (nirjitāḥ) - defeated, conquered, overcome

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nirjita

nirjita - conquered, defeated, overcome, subdued

Past Passive Participle

Root ji (to conquer) with prefix nir (out, away, completely)

Prefix: nir

Root: ji (class 1)

ते (te) - they

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it, they

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

द्वादश (dvādaśa) - twelve

(adjective)

plural of dvādaśa

dvādaśa - twelve

वर्षाणि (varṣāṇi) - years

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of varṣa

varṣa - year, rain, a rainy season

Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Denotes duration

वने (vane) - in the forest

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove, habitation

Root: van (class 1)

वत्स्यन्ति (vatsyanti) - they will dwell, they will reside

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, future (lṛṭ) of vas

Future Tense

3rd person plural future active indicative

Root: vas (class 1)

कौरवाः (kauravāḥ) - (referring to the Pāṇḍavas as descendants of Kuru) (descendants of Kuru, Kauravas)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kaurava

kaurava - descendant of Kuru

Ap. patronymic from Kuru