महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-19, verse-43

एवं च मामुपस्थाय कस्माच्च विधिनार्हणाम् ।
प्रणीतां नो न गृह्णीत कार्यं किं चास्मदागमे ॥४३॥

43. evaṁ ca māmupasthāya kasmācca vidhinārhaṇām ,
praṇītāṁ no na gṛhṇīta kāryaṁ kiṁ cāsmadāgame.

43. evam ca mām upasthāya kasmāt ca vidhinā arhaṇām
praṇītām naḥ na gṛhṇīta kāryam kim ca asmadāgame

43. Having thus approached me, why do you not accept the respectful offering presented by us according to custom? And what is your purpose for coming to us?

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

• च (ca) - and, also

• माम् (mām) - me

• उपस्थाय (upasthāya) - having approached, having stood near, having attended

• कस्मात् (kasmāt) - why, from what, on what account

• च (ca) - and, also

• विधिना (vidhinā) - by method, by rule, according to custom

• अर्हणाम् (arhaṇām) - worship, respectful offering, reverence

• प्रणीताम् (praṇītām) - presented, prepared, offered

• नः (naḥ) - by us, our

• न (na) - not

• गृह्णीत (gṛhṇīta) - you (pl.) accept, receive

• कार्यम् (kāryam) - purpose, business, task, what should be done

• किम् (kim) - what?

• च (ca) - and, also

• अस्मदागमे (asmadāgame) - in our arrival, at our coming

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we (first person pronoun)

उपस्थाय (upasthāya) - having approached, having stood near, having attended

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Derived from root √sthā (to stand) with prefix upa-

Prefix: upa

Root: sthā (class 1)

कस्मात् (kasmāt) - why, from what, on what account

(pronoun)

Ablative, singular of kim

kim - what?, who?, which?

Note: Functions as an interrogative adverb 'why'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

विधिना (vidhinā) - by method, by rule, according to custom

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vidhi

vidhi - rule, method, ordinance, injunction, custom

Root: dhā (class 3)

अर्हणाम् (arhaṇām) - worship, respectful offering, reverence

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of arhaṇā

arhaṇā - worship, veneration, respectful offering, reverence

Root: arh (class 1)

प्रणीताम् (praṇītām) - presented, prepared, offered

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of praṇīta

praṇīta - prepared, presented, offered, led forward

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √nī (to lead) with prefix pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: nī (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'arhaṇām'.

नः (naḥ) - by us, our

(pronoun)

plural of asmad

asmad - I, we (first person pronoun)

Note: enclitic form, instrumental in passive construction.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

गृह्णीत (gṛhṇīta) - you (pl.) accept, receive

(verb)

2nd person , plural, middle, imperative (loṭ) of gṛh

Root: grah (class 9)

कार्यम् (kāryam) - purpose, business, task, what should be done

(noun)

neuter, singular of kārya

kārya - work, business, purpose, task, what should be done

Gerundive (future passive participle)

Derived from root √kṛ (to do, make)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Often functions as a noun for 'purpose' or 'task'.

किम् (kim) - what?

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of kim

kim - what?, who?, which?

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अस्मदागमे (asmadāgame) - in our arrival, at our coming

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of asmadāgama

asmadāgama - our arrival, our coming

Compound of asmad (our) and āgama (arrival)

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (asmad+āgama)

• asmad – I, we (first person pronoun)
  pronoun
• āgama – coming, arrival, approach
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root √gam (to go) with prefix ā-
  Prefix: ā
  Root: gam (class 1)