महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-19, verse-32

तांस्त्वपूर्वेण वेषेण दृष्ट्वा नृपतिसत्तमः ।
उपतस्थे जरासंधो विस्मितश्चाभवत्तदा ॥३२॥

32. tāṁstvapūrveṇa veṣeṇa dṛṣṭvā nṛpatisattamaḥ ,
upatasthe jarāsaṁdho vismitaścābhavattadā.

32. tān tu apūrveṇa veṣeṇa dṛṣṭvā nṛpati-sattamaḥ |
upatasthe jarāsaṃdhaḥ vismitaḥ ca abhavat tadā

32. But having seen them in an unprecedented disguise, Jarāsandha, the best of kings, attended to them and then became astonished.

Words meanings summery:

• तान् (tān) - them, those

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• अपूर्वेण (apūrveṇa) - by an unprecedented, by an unusual

• वेषेण (veṣeṇa) - by a garb, by a dress, by a disguise

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• नृपति-सत्तमः (nṛpati-sattamaḥ) - Epithet of Jarāsandha. (the best of kings)

• उपतस्थे (upatasthe) - he approached, he attended to, he stood near

• जरासंधः (jarāsaṁdhaḥ) - Jarāsandha

• विस्मितः (vismitaḥ) - astonished, amazed, surprised

• च (ca) - and, also

• अभवत् (abhavat) - he became, he was

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

Words meanings and morphology

तान् (tān) - them, those

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

अपूर्वेण (apūrveṇa) - by an unprecedented, by an unusual

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of apūrva

apūrva - unprecedented, unusual, new, not previously existing

Negative compound a- + pūrva.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+pūrva)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• pūrva – former, previous, prior, ancient
  adjective (masculine/neuter)

Note: Agrees with veṣeṇa.

वेषेण (veṣeṇa) - by a garb, by a dress, by a disguise

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of veṣa

veṣa - dress, attire, costume, disguise

From root √viś (to enter) or √veṣ (to dress).

Root: viś (class 6)

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Formed with suffix -tvā.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

नृपति-सत्तमः (nṛpati-sattamaḥ) - Epithet of Jarāsandha. (the best of kings)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nṛpati-sattama

nṛpati-sattama - the best of kings, chief of rulers

Compound of nṛpati (king) and sattama (best).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛpati+sattama)

• nṛpati – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• sattama – best, most excellent
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative suffix -tama.

उपतस्थे (upatasthe) - he approached, he attended to, he stood near

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past perfect (Lit) of upa-sthā

Perfect tense, Middle voice (Ātmanepada)

Root √sthā with prefix upa-.

Prefix: upa

Root: sthā (class 1)

जरासंधः (jarāsaṁdhaḥ) - Jarāsandha

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jarāsaṃdha

jarāsaṁdha - Jarāsandha (name of a king)

विस्मितः (vismitaḥ) - astonished, amazed, surprised

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vismita

vismita - astonished, surprised, amazed

Past Passive Participle

PPP of root √smi (to smile) with prefix vi-.

Prefix: vi

Root: smi (class 1)

Note: Agrees with Jarāsandha.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अभवत् (abhavat) - he became, he was

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (Laṅ) of bhū

Imperfect tense, Active voice (Parasmaipada)

Root √bhū in imperfect 3rd person singular.

Root: bhū (class 1)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

From pronoun tad + suffix -dā.