महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-19, verse-13

तुष्टपुष्टजनोपेतं चातुर्वर्ण्यजनाकुलम् ।
स्फीतोत्सवमनाधृष्यमासेदुश्च गिरिव्रजम् ॥१३॥

13. tuṣṭapuṣṭajanopetaṁ cāturvarṇyajanākulam ,
sphītotsavamanādhṛṣyamāseduśca girivrajam.

13. tuṣṭapuṣṭajanopetam cāturvarṇyajanākulam
sphītotṣavam anādhṛṣyam āseduḥ ca girivrajam

13. And they approached Girivraja, a city filled with content and prosperous people, teeming with inhabitants from all four social orders, abundant in festivals, and impregnable.

13. והם הגיעו אל גִירִיוְרַג׳ַה, עיר מלאה אנשים שבעי רצון ומשופעים, הומה אנשים מארבעת המעמדות החברתיים, שחגיגותיה פורחות ואי אפשר לכבוש אותה.

Words meanings summery:

• तुष्टपुष्टजनोपेतम् (tuṣṭapuṣṭajanopetam) - endowed with content and well-nourished people, filled with happy and prosperous people

• चातुर्वर्ण्यजनाकुलम् (cāturvarṇyajanākulam) - crowded with people of the four social orders

• स्फीतोत्षवम् (sphītotṣavam) - having abundant festivals

• अनाधृष्यम् (anādhṛṣyam) - impregnable, unassailable, invincible

• आसेदुः (āseduḥ) - they reached, they approached

• च (ca) - and

• गिरिव्रजम् (girivrajam) - The capital city of Magadha. (Girivraja (name of a city))

Words meanings and morphology

तुष्टपुष्टजनोपेतम् (tuṣṭapuṣṭajanopetam) - endowed with content and well-nourished people, filled with happy and prosperous people

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tuṣṭapuṣṭajanopeta

tuṣṭapuṣṭajanopeta - endowed with content and well-nourished people

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (tuṣṭa+puṣṭa+jana+upeta)

• tuṣṭa – satisfied, content
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root tuṣ (to be pleased/satisfied)
  Root: tuṣ (class 4)
• puṣṭa – nourished, strong, prosperous
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root puṣ (to nourish/thrive)
  Root: puṣ (class 4)
• jana – people, person
  noun (masculine)
  Root: jan (class 4)
• upeta – accompanied by, endowed with, possessed of
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root i (to go) with prefix upa (near/towards)
  Prefix: upa
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Agrees with Girivrajam.

चातुर्वर्ण्यजनाकुलम् (cāturvarṇyajanākulam) - crowded with people of the four social orders

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of cāturvarṇyajanākula

cāturvarṇyajanākula - crowded with people of the four social orders

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (cāturvarṇya+jana+ākula)

• cāturvarṇya – the system of four social orders (brāhmaṇa, kṣatriya, vaiśya, śūdra)
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from caturvarṇa
• jana – people, person
  noun (masculine)
  Root: jan (class 4)
• ākula – crowded, agitated, perplexed
  adjective (masculine)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: kul (class 10)

Note: Agrees with Girivrajam.

स्फीतोत्षवम् (sphītotṣavam) - having abundant festivals

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sphītotṣava

sphītotṣava - having abundant festivals

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sphīta+utsava)

• sphīta – swollen, abundant, flourishing, prosperous
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root sphāy (to swell, grow)
  Root: sphāy (class 1)
• utsava – festival, celebration, joyous occasion
  noun (masculine)
  From root su (to press soma) with ut (up)
  Prefix: ut
  Root: su (class 5)

Note: Agrees with Girivrajam.

अनाधृष्यम् (anādhṛṣyam) - impregnable, unassailable, invincible

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of anādhṛṣya

anādhṛṣya - impregnable, unassailable, invincible

Gerundive / Future Passive Participle

From root dhṛṣ (to be bold/dare) with prefix ā (towards) and negation a-

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+ādhṛṣya)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• ādhṛṣya – assailable, to be dared
  adjective (masculine)
  Gerundive / Future Passive Participle
  From root dhṛṣ (to dare) with prefix ā
  Prefix: ā
  Root: dhṛṣ (class 5)

Note: Agrees with Girivrajam.

आसेदुः (āseduḥ) - they reached, they approached

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, Perfect (Lit) of āsad

Root with prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: sad (class 1)

Note: Formed from root sad with prefix ā.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

गिरिव्रजम् (girivrajam) - The capital city of Magadha. (Girivraja (name of a city))

(proper noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of girivraja

girivraja - Girivraja, mountain-abode (name of a city)

Compound type : tatpurusha (giri+vraja)

• giri – mountain, hill
  noun (masculine)
  Root: gṝ (class 6)
• vraja – herd, fold, abode, road, pasture
  noun (masculine)
  From root vraj (to go)
  Root: vraj (class 1)

Note: Object of the verb āseduḥ.

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