महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-19, verse-34

स्वस्त्यस्तु कुशलं राजन्निति सर्वे व्यवस्थिताः ।
तं नृपं नृपशार्दूल विप्रैक्षन्त परस्परम् ॥३४॥

34. svastyastu kuśalaṁ rājanniti sarve vyavasthitāḥ ,
taṁ nṛpaṁ nṛpaśārdūla vipraikṣanta parasparam.

34. svasti astu kuśalaṃ rājan iti sarve vyavasthitāḥ
tam nṛpaṃ nṛpaśārdūla vi pra īkṣanta parasparam

34. O tiger among kings, all of them stood poised and said, 'May there be well-being and welfare, O King!' Then they looked at that king and at each other.

Words meanings summery:

• स्वस्ति (svasti) - well-being, welfare, prosperity

• अस्तु (astu) - let it be, may it be

• कुशलं (kuśalaṁ) - well-being, welfare, auspiciousness

• राजन् (rājan) - O King

• इति (iti) - thus, so, (marks direct speech)

• सर्वे (sarve) - all, everyone

• व्यवस्थिताः (vyavasthitāḥ) - stood (firmly), arranged, poised

• तम् (tam) - him, that

• नृपं (nṛpaṁ) - king, ruler

• नृपशार्दूल (nṛpaśārdūla) - O tiger among kings, O best of kings

• वि (vi) - apart, distinct, intensive

• प्र (pra) - forward, onward, forth, very

• ईक्षन्त (īkṣanta) - they looked, they observed

• परस्परम् (parasparam) - mutually, at each other

Words meanings and morphology

स्वस्ति (svasti) - well-being, welfare, prosperity

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of svasti

svasti - well-being, good fortune, welfare

अस्तु (astu) - let it be, may it be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperative (Loṭ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

कुशलं (kuśalaṁ) - well-being, welfare, auspiciousness

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kuśala

kuśala - skillful, well, happy, auspicious

Note: Used as a noun meaning 'welfare'

राजन् (rājan) - O King

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

इति (iti) - thus, so, (marks direct speech)

(indeclinable)

सर्वे (sarve) - all, everyone

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, whole, every

व्यवस्थिताः (vyavasthitāḥ) - stood (firmly), arranged, poised

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vyavasthita

vyavasthita - stood, situated, established, arranged

Past Passive Participle

Formed from root sthā with upasargas vi and ava.

Prefixes: vi+ava

Root: sthā (class 1)

तम् (tam) - him, that

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this

नृपं (nṛpaṁ) - king, ruler

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, ruler (lit. protector of men)

नृपशार्दूल (nṛpaśārdūla) - O tiger among kings, O best of kings

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of nṛpaśārdūla

nṛpaśārdūla - tiger-king, best of kings, foremost among rulers

Compound type : tatpurusha (nṛpa+śārdūla)

• nṛpa – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• śārdūla – tiger, best, eminent
  noun (masculine)

वि (vi) - apart, distinct, intensive

(indeclinable)

Note: Upasarga, part of the verb 'vipraīkṣanta'

प्र (pra) - forward, onward, forth, very

(indeclinable)

Note: Upasarga, part of the verb 'vipraīkṣanta'

ईक्षन्त (īkṣanta) - they looked, they observed

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, imperfect (Laṅ) of īkṣ

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

Note: Formed with upasargas 'vi' and 'pra'

परस्परम् (parasparam) - mutually, at each other

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially