महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-19, verse-37

तानुवाच जरासंधः सत्यसंधो नराधिपः ।
विगर्हमाणः कौरव्य वेषग्रहणकारणात् ॥३७॥

37. tānuvāca jarāsaṁdhaḥ satyasaṁdho narādhipaḥ ,
vigarhamāṇaḥ kauravya veṣagrahaṇakāraṇāt.

37. tān uvāca jarāsaṃdhaḥ satyasaṃdhaḥ narādhipaḥ
| vigarhamāṇaḥ kauravya veṣagrahaṇakāraṇāt

37. Jarasandha, the king of men who was steadfast in his promise, spoke to them, reproaching them, O son of Kuru, on account of their having assumed a disguise.

Words meanings summery:

• तान् (tān) - them, those

• उवाच (uvāca) - he spoke, he said

• जरासंधः (jarāsaṁdhaḥ) - Jarasandha

• सत्यसंधः (satyasaṁdhaḥ) - steadfast in truth, truthful, keeping one's promise

• नराधिपः (narādhipaḥ) - king, lord of men

• विगर्हमाणः (vigarhamāṇaḥ) - reproaching, blaming, censuring

• कौरव्य (kauravya) - O son of Kuru, O descendant of Kuru

• वेषग्रहणकारणात् (veṣagrahaṇakāraṇāt) - on account of assuming a disguise

Words meanings and morphology

तान् (tān) - them, those

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those, them

उवाच (uvāca) - he spoke, he said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect active third singular

reduplicated perfect form of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

जरासंधः (jarāsaṁdhaḥ) - Jarasandha

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jarāsaṃdha

jarāsaṁdha - Jarasandha (name of a king)

सत्यसंधः (satyasaṁdhaḥ) - steadfast in truth, truthful, keeping one's promise

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of satyasaṃdha

satyasaṁdha - steadfast in truth, true to one's promise

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (satya+saṃdha)

• satya – truth, real, true
  noun (neuter)
• saṃdha – promise, agreement, bond
  noun (masculine)

Note: Adjective qualifying Jarasandha.

नराधिपः (narādhipaḥ) - king, lord of men

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of narādhipa

narādhipa - king, lord of men

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+adhipa)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• adhipa – ruler, lord
  noun (masculine)

विगर्हमाणः (vigarhamāṇaḥ) - reproaching, blaming, censuring

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vigarhamāṇa

vigarhamāṇa - reproaching, blaming, censuring

Present Middle Participle

Present participle of the verb vigarh (vi + garh)

Prefix: vi

Root: garh (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Jarasandha (implied subject).

कौरव्य (kauravya) - O son of Kuru, O descendant of Kuru

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kauravya

kauravya - descendant of Kuru

Note: Addressed to Bhima.

वेषग्रहणकारणात् (veṣagrahaṇakāraṇāt) - on account of assuming a disguise

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of veṣagrahaṇakāraṇa

veṣagrahaṇakāraṇa - reason for assuming a disguise

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (veṣa+grahaṇa+kāraṇa)

• veṣa – dress, costume, disguise
  noun (masculine)
• grahaṇa – taking, assuming, seizing
  noun (neuter)
  action noun from grah
  Root: grah (class 9)
• kāraṇa – cause, reason, motive
  noun (neuter)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: The ablative case indicates "on account of".