महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-46, verse-51

तथावृत्तश्चरेद्धर्मं सतां वर्त्माविदूषयन् ।
यो ह्येवं वृत्तसंपन्नः स मुनिः श्रेष्ठ उच्यते ॥५१॥

51. tathāvṛttaścareddharmaṁ satāṁ vartmāvidūṣayan ,
yo hyevaṁ vṛttasaṁpannaḥ sa muniḥ śreṣṭha ucyate.

51. tathāvṛttaḥ caret dharmam satām vartma avidūṣayan
yaḥ hi evam vṛttasampannaḥ saḥ muniḥ śreṣṭhaḥ ucyate

51. yaḥ tathāvṛttaḥ satām vartma avidūṣayan dharmam caret
hi evaṃ vṛttasampannaḥ saḥ śreṣṭhaḥ muniḥ ucyate

51. One should practice the natural law (dharma), conducting oneself in a way that does not corrupt the path of the virtuous. Indeed, whoever is thus endowed with excellent character is declared to be the most excellent sage (muni).

Words meanings summery:

• तथावृत्तः (tathāvṛttaḥ) - one who behaves in that manner, one who acts accordingly

• चरेत् (caret) - one should practice, one should follow, one should act

• धर्मम् (dharmam) - the natural law (dharma) (natural law, constitution, duty, virtue)

• सताम् (satām) - of the good, of the virtuous, of noble persons

• वर्त्म (vartma) - path, way, road, course of conduct

• अविदूषयन् (avidūṣayan) - not corrupting, not defiling, without harming

• यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

• हि (hi) - indeed, certainly, for

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

• वृत्तसम्पन्नः (vṛttasampannaḥ) - endowed with good conduct, rich in character, possessing good behavior

• सः (saḥ) - he, that one

• मुनिः (muniḥ) - sage (muni) (sage, ascetic, silent one)

• श्रेष्ठः (śreṣṭhaḥ) - most excellent, best, supreme

• उच्यते (ucyate) - is said, is called, is declared

Words meanings and morphology

तथावृत्तः (tathāvṛttaḥ) - one who behaves in that manner, one who acts accordingly

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tathāvṛtta

tathāvṛtta - behaving in that manner, acting accordingly, of such conduct

Compound of `tathā` (thus) and `vṛtta` (conducted, behaved, a participle from `vṛt`).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (tathā+vṛtta)

• tathā – thus, in that manner
  indeclinable
• vṛtta – behaved, conducted; conduct
  participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root `vṛt` (to turn, exist, happen).
  Root: vṛt (class 1)

चरेत् (caret) - one should practice, one should follow, one should act

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of car

third person singular present optative active

Root `car` (1st class) + optative ending.

Root: car (class 1)

धर्मम् (dharmam) - the natural law (dharma) (natural law, constitution, duty, virtue)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue, religion

From root `dhṛ` (to hold, support).

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

सताम् (satām) - of the good, of the virtuous, of noble persons

(adjective)

Genitive, plural of sat

sat - existent, good, virtuous, noble; a good person, a saint

present active participle

From root `as` (to be). Used as a noun here.

Root: as (class 2)

वर्त्म (vartma) - path, way, road, course of conduct

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vartman

vartman - path, road, way, course of conduct

From root `vṛt` (to turn, exist).

Root: vṛt (class 1)

अविदूषयन् (avidūṣayan) - not corrupting, not defiling, without harming

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of avidūṣayat

avidūṣayat - not corrupting, not defiling, without harming

present active participle

Negative prefix `a-` + causal form of `dūṣ` (to pollute, corrupt).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+dūṣayat)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• dūṣayat – corrupting, defiling
  participle (masculine)
  Present Active Participle
  Causal form of root `dūṣ` (to defile, corrupt) + śatṛ suffix.
  Root: dūṣ (class 10)

यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what

Relative pronoun.

हि (hi) - indeed, certainly, for

(indeclinable)

Particle.

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

(indeclinable)

Adverb.

वृत्तसम्पन्नः (vṛttasampannaḥ) - endowed with good conduct, rich in character, possessing good behavior

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛttasampanna

vṛttasampanna - endowed with good conduct, rich in character, possessing good behavior

Compound of `vṛtta` (conduct) and `sampanna` (endowed with, accomplished).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vṛtta+sampanna)

• vṛtta – conduct, behavior
  noun (neuter)
  Noun derived from root `vṛt` (to turn, exist).
  Root: vṛt (class 1)
• sampanna – endowed with, possessed of, accomplished
  participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From prefix `sam` + root `pad` (to go, fall, obtain).
  Prefix: sam
  Root: pad (class 4)

सः (saḥ) - he, that one

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

मुनिः (muniḥ) - sage (muni) (sage, ascetic, silent one)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of muni

muni - sage, ascetic, silent one, holy man

Root: man

श्रेष्ठः (śreṣṭhaḥ) - most excellent, best, supreme

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śreṣṭha

śreṣṭha - best, most excellent, supreme, chief

Superlative degree of `praśasya` (praise-worthy).

उच्यते (ucyate) - is said, is called, is declared

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of vac

third person singular present passive

Root `vac` (2nd class). Passive form `ucyate` (vowel change to 'uc').

Root: vac (class 2)