महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-46, verse-31

न संनिकाशयेद्धर्मं विविक्ते विरजाश्चरेत् ।
शून्यागारमरण्यं वा वृक्षमूलं नदीं तथा ।
प्रतिश्रयार्थं सेवेत पार्वतीं वा पुनर्गुहाम् ॥३१॥

31. na saṁnikāśayeddharmaṁ vivikte virajāścaret ,
śūnyāgāramaraṇyaṁ vā vṛkṣamūlaṁ nadīṁ tathā ,
pratiśrayārthaṁ seveta pārvatīṁ vā punarguhām.

31. na saṃnikāśayet dharmam vivikte
virajāḥ caret śūnyāgāram araṇyam vā
vṛkṣamūlam nadīm tathā pratiśrayārtham
seveta pārvatīm vā punar guhām

31. virajāḥ vivikte dharmam na saṃnikāśayet
śūnyāgāram vā araṇyam vā
vṛkṣamūlam tathā nadīm vā punar
pārvatīm guhām pratiśrayārtham seveta

31. One should not publicize their spiritual practice (dharma). A person free from worldly attachments should wander in a solitary place, taking shelter in an empty house, a forest, at the foot of a tree, by a river, or a mountain (region), or again, a cave.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no

• संनिकाशयेत् (saṁnikāśayet) - should publicize (their practice) (should reveal, should show, should publicize)

• धर्मम् (dharmam) - spiritual practice (dharma) (spiritual practice, natural law, constitution, duty)

• विविक्ते (vivikte) - in a solitary place, in a secluded place, in a private place

• विरजाः (virajāḥ) - a person free from worldly attachments (dustless, pure, free from passion/impurities)

• चरेत् (caret) - should wander, should move, should behave

• शून्यागारम् (śūnyāgāram) - empty house, deserted dwelling

• अरण्यम् (araṇyam) - forest, wilderness

• वा (vā) - or, either

• वृक्षमूलम् (vṛkṣamūlam) - root of a tree, foot of a tree

• नदीम् (nadīm) - river

• तथा (tathā) - similarly, as such (thus, so, similarly)

• प्रतिश्रयार्थम् (pratiśrayārtham) - for shelter, for refuge

• सेवेत (seveta) - should resort to (for shelter) (should resort to, should frequent, should serve, should attend)

• पार्वतीम् (pārvatīm) - a mountain (region) (mountain, mountain region)

• वा (vā) - or, either

• पुनर् (punar) - again, further, on the other hand

• गुहाम् (guhām) - cave, grotto

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

संनिकाशयेत् (saṁnikāśayet) - should publicize (their practice) (should reveal, should show, should publicize)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, Optative Mood (vidhi-liṅ) of saṃnikāś

Optative Mood, 3rd Person Singular, Active Voice, Parasmaipada

Root kāś (to shine) with upasargas sam- and ni-. Causative stem kāśaya. Optative.

Prefixes: sam+ni

Root: kāś (class 1)

धर्मम् (dharmam) - spiritual practice (dharma) (spiritual practice, natural law, constitution, duty)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, spiritual practice, duty, righteousness

From root dhṛ (to uphold, support).

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

विविक्ते (vivikte) - in a solitary place, in a secluded place, in a private place

(adjective)

Locative, masculine/neuter, singular of vivikta

vivikta - separated, solitary, secluded, pure

Past Passive Participle

From root vic (to separate) with upasarga vi-.

Prefix: vi

Root: vic (class 7)

विरजाः (virajāḥ) - a person free from worldly attachments (dustless, pure, free from passion/impurities)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of virajas

virajas - free from dust, pure, passionless, untainted

Compound: vi (without) + rajas (dust, passion, impurity).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (vi+rajas)

• vi – without, separated
  indeclinable
• rajas – dust, pollen, impurity, passion, menstrual fluid
  noun (neuter)

चरेत् (caret) - should wander, should move, should behave

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, Optative Mood (vidhi-liṅ) of car

Optative Mood, 3rd Person Singular, Active Voice, Parasmaipada

Root car, optative.

Root: car (class 1)

शून्यागारम् (śūnyāgāram) - empty house, deserted dwelling

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śūnyāgāra

śūnyāgāra - empty house, deserted dwelling

Compound: śūnya (empty) + āgāra (house).

Compound type : tatpurusha (śūnya+āgāra)

• śūnya – empty, void, deserted
  adjective (masculine)
• āgāra – house, dwelling
  noun (neuter)

अरण्यम् (araṇyam) - forest, wilderness

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of araṇya

araṇya - forest, wilderness, solitary place

वा (vā) - or, either

(indeclinable)

वृक्षमूलम् (vṛkṣamūlam) - root of a tree, foot of a tree

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vṛkṣamūla

vṛkṣamūla - root of a tree, foot of a tree

Compound: vṛkṣa (tree) + mūla (root).

Compound type : tatpurusha (vṛkṣa+mūla)

• vṛkṣa – tree
  noun (masculine)
• mūla – root, base, origin
  noun (neuter)

नदीम् (nadīm) - river

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of nadī

nadī - river

तथा (tathā) - similarly, as such (thus, so, similarly)

(indeclinable)

प्रतिश्रयार्थम् (pratiśrayārtham) - for shelter, for refuge

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pratiśrayārtha

pratiśrayārtha - for the purpose of shelter

Compound: pratiśraya (shelter, refuge) + artha (purpose).

Compound type : tatpurusha (pratiśraya+artha)

• pratiśraya – shelter, refuge, asylum
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: prati
  Root: śri (class 1)
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth
  noun (masculine)

Note: Used adverbially to mean 'for the sake of shelter'.

सेवेत (seveta) - should resort to (for shelter) (should resort to, should frequent, should serve, should attend)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, Optative Mood (vidhi-liṅ) of sev

Optative Mood, 3rd Person Singular, Middle Voice, Atmanepada

Root sev, optative.

Root: sev (class 1)

पार्वतीम् (pārvatīm) - a mountain (region) (mountain, mountain region)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of pārvatī

pārvatī - mountain, mountain-ridge, daughter of the mountain (goddess Parvati)

वा (vā) - or, either

(indeclinable)

पुनर् (punar) - again, further, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

गुहाम् (guhām) - cave, grotto

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of guhā

guhā - cave, grotto, recess