महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-46, verse-22

परेभ्यो न प्रतिग्राह्यं न च देयं कदाचन ।
दैन्यभावाच्च भूतानां संविभज्य सदा बुधः ॥२२॥

22. parebhyo na pratigrāhyaṁ na ca deyaṁ kadācana ,
dainyabhāvācca bhūtānāṁ saṁvibhajya sadā budhaḥ.

22. parebhyaḥ na pratigrāhyam na ca deyam kadācana
dainyabhāvāt ca bhūtānām saṃvibhajya sadā budhaḥ

22. parebhyaḥ na pratigrāhyam ca kadācana na deyam
budhaḥ bhūtānām dainyabhāvāt ca sadā saṃvibhajya

22. A wise person (budha) should never accept anything from others, nor should anything (beyond what is essential) be given at any time. Yet, always considering the pitiable state of living beings, the wise one should distribute (what is fitting).

Words meanings summery:

• परेभ्यः (parebhyaḥ) - from others, to others

• न (na) - not, no, nor

• प्रतिग्राह्यम् (pratigrāhyam) - to be accepted, to be received

• न (na) - not, no, nor

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• देयम् (deyam) - to be given, what is to be given

• कदाचन (kadācana) - ever, at any time, never (with negation)

• दैन्यभावात् (dainyabhāvāt) - from the state of misery, due to wretchedness, from pity

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• भूतानाम् (bhūtānām) - of beings, of creatures, of living things

• संविभज्य (saṁvibhajya) - having distributed, having divided, having shared

• सदा (sadā) - always, ever, constantly

• बुधः (budhaḥ) - a wise person, an enlightened one

Words meanings and morphology

परेभ्यः (parebhyaḥ) - from others, to others

(pronoun)

Ablative, masculine, plural of para

para - other, distant, supreme

Note: Indicates the source from which something is not to be accepted.

न (na) - not, no, nor

(indeclinable)

प्रतिग्राह्यम् (pratigrāhyam) - to be accepted, to be received

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pratigrāhya

pratigrāhya - to be accepted, to be received, receivable

Gerundive / Future Passive Participle

From 'prati-grah' (to accept, receive) + suffix 'ya'.

Prefix: prati

Root: grah (class 9)

न (na) - not, no, nor

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

देयम् (deyam) - to be given, what is to be given

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of deya

deya - to be given, what is to be given, due

Gerundive / Future Passive Participle

From 'dā' (to give) + suffix 'ya'.

Root: dā (class 3)

कदाचन (kadācana) - ever, at any time, never (with negation)

(indeclinable)

From 'kadā' (when) + 'cana' (indefinite particle).

दैन्यभावात् (dainyabhāvāt) - from the state of misery, due to wretchedness, from pity

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of dainyabhāva

dainyabhāva - state of wretchedness, misery, pitiable condition, feeling of pity

From 'dainya' (poverty, misery) + 'bhāva' (state, condition, feeling).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dainya+bhāva)

• dainya – misery, wretchedness, pity, humility
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from dīna (miserable)
• bhāva – state, condition, existence, feeling, sentiment
  noun (masculine)
  From root bhū
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Indicates the reason for distribution.

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

भूतानाम् (bhūtānām) - of beings, of creatures, of living things

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of bhūta

bhūta - being, creature, element, past

Past Passive Participle

Can be a noun meaning 'creature' or 'being', from root 'bhū' (to be).

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Connected with 'dainyabhāvāt' (state of misery *of* beings).

संविभज्य (saṁvibhajya) - having distributed, having divided, having shared

(indeclinable)

Absolutive / Gerund

Absolutive form of 'bhaj' with prefixes 'sam' and 'vi'.

Prefixes: sam+vi

Root: bhaj (class 1)

Note: Modifies the action of 'budhaḥ'.

सदा (sadā) - always, ever, constantly

(indeclinable)

बुधः (budhaḥ) - a wise person, an enlightened one

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of budha

budha - wise, intelligent, learned person, a sage

From root 'budh' (to know, awaken).

Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Subject of the implied verb (should distribute).