महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-46, verse-1

ब्रह्मोवाच ।
एवमेतेन मार्गेण पूर्वोक्तेन यथाविधि ।
अधीतवान्यथाशक्ति तथैव ब्रह्मचर्यवान् ॥१॥

1. brahmovāca ,
evametena mārgeṇa pūrvoktena yathāvidhi ,
adhītavānyathāśakti tathaiva brahmacaryavān.

1. brahmā uvāca evam etena mārgeṇa pūrvoktena yathāvidhi
adhītavān yathāśakti tathaiva brahmacaryavān

1. brahmā uvāca evam etena pūrvoktena mārgeṇa yathāvidhi
yathāśakti adhītavān tathaiva brahmacaryavān

1. Brahmā said: "Thus, by this previously mentioned path, according to the prescribed rules, the one who has studied according to their capacity, and likewise maintained (brahmacarya)."

Words meanings summery:

• ब्रह्मा (brahmā) - Brahmā (the creator deity)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

• एतेन (etena) - by this

• मार्गेण (mārgeṇa) - by the path, by the way, by means

• पूर्वोक्तेन (pūrvoktena) - by the previously mentioned, by what was said before

• यथाविधि (yathāvidhi) - according to rule, as prescribed, duly

• अधीतवान् (adhītavān) - one who has studied, having learned

• यथाशक्ति (yathāśakti) - according to ability, as far as possible

• तथैव (tathaiva) - in the same way, similarly, just so

• ब्रह्मचर्यवान् (brahmacaryavān) - maintained (brahmacarya) (endowed with (brahmacarya), practicing (brahmacarya), a student)

Words meanings and morphology

ब्रह्मा (brahmā) - Brahmā (the creator deity)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of brahman

brahman - Brahmā (the creator god)

Root: bṛh (class 1)

Note: The speaker of the verse.

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Mood, Parasmaipada

3rd person singular, perfect tense, parasmaipada

Root: vac (class 2)

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

(indeclinable)

Note: Modifies the actions described.

एतेन (etena) - by this

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, these

Note: Refers to 'mārgeṇa'.

मार्गेण (mārgeṇa) - by the path, by the way, by means

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mārga

mārga - path, way, road, means, course

Root: mṛj (class 2)

पूर्वोक्तेन (pūrvoktena) - by the previously mentioned, by what was said before

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of pūrvokta

pūrvokta - previously said, before-mentioned

Past Passive Participle

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pūrva+ukta)

• pūrva – previous, former, prior
  adjective (masculine)
• ukta – said, spoken, mentioned
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past passive participle from root vac (to speak).
  Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'mārgeṇa'.

यथाविधि (yathāvidhi) - according to rule, as prescribed, duly

(indeclinable)

Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+vidhi)

• yathā – as, according to, just as
  indeclinable
• vidhi – rule, method, ordinance, sacred precept
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Modifies 'adhītavān'.

अधीतवान् (adhītavān) - one who has studied, having learned

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adhīta

adhīta - studied, learned, read

Past Active Participle (ktavat)

Derived from root i (to go, study) with prefix adhi. Masculine, singular, nominative.

Prefix: adhi

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Implied subject is the person Brahmā is talking about.

यथाशक्ति (yathāśakti) - according to ability, as far as possible

(indeclinable)

Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+śakti)

• yathā – as, according to, just as
  indeclinable
• śakti – power, ability, strength, energy
  noun (feminine)
  Root: śak (class 5)

Note: Modifies 'adhītavān'.

तथैव (tathaiva) - in the same way, similarly, just so

(indeclinable)

Combination of tathā (so, thus) and eva (indeed, only).

Note: Connects the two actions of studying and maintaining (brahmacarya).

ब्रह्मचर्यवान् (brahmacaryavān) - maintained (brahmacarya) (endowed with (brahmacarya), practicing (brahmacarya), a student)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of brahmacaryavat

brahmacaryavat - one who observes (brahmacarya), student, chaste, celibate

Derived from brahmacarya with the possessive suffix -vat.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (brahmacarya+vat)

• brahmacarya – student life, celibacy, spiritual discipline, conduct leading to (brahman)
  noun (neuter)
• vat – possessing, having, like
  suffix
  Possessive suffix

Note: Qualifies the implied subject of 'adhītavān'.