महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-46, verse-29

शुक्तान्यम्लानि तिक्तानि कषायकटुकानि च ।
नास्वादयीत भुञ्जानो रसांश्च मधुरांस्तथा ।
यात्रामात्रं च भुञ्जीत केवलं प्राणयात्रिकम् ॥२९॥

29. śuktānyamlāni tiktāni kaṣāyakaṭukāni ca ,
nāsvādayīta bhuñjāno rasāṁśca madhurāṁstathā ,
yātrāmātraṁ ca bhuñjīta kevalaṁ prāṇayātrikam.

29. śuktāni amlāni tiktāni kaṣāyakaṭukāni
ca na āsvādayīta bhuñjānaḥ
rasān ca madhurān tathā yātrāmātram
ca bhuñjīta kevalam prāṇayātrikam

29. bhuñjānaḥ śuktāni amlāni tiktāni
kaṣāyakaṭukāni ca rasān ca madhurān
tathā na āsvādayīta ca yātrāmātram
kevalam prāṇayātrikam bhuñjīta

29. While eating, one should not savor fermented, sour, bitter, astringent, or pungent tastes, nor sweet tastes. One should eat only for sustenance, solely for the maintenance of life.

Words meanings summery:

• शुक्तानि (śuktāni) - fermented tastes (fermented, sour, acid)

• अम्लानि (amlāni) - sour tastes (sour, acid)

• तिक्तानि (tiktāni) - bitter tastes (bitter)

• कषायकटुकानि (kaṣāyakaṭukāni) - astringent and pungent tastes (astringent and pungent)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• न (na) - not (not, nor)

• आस्वादयीत (āsvādayīta) - one should not savor (tastes) (one should savor, taste with pleasure)

• भुञ्जानः (bhuñjānaḥ) - while one is eating (eating, enjoying)

• रसान् (rasān) - tastes (sweet ones) (tastes, juices, essences, feelings)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• मधुरान् (madhurān) - sweet tastes (sweet, pleasant, charming)

• तथा (tathā) - also (thus, so, in that manner, also)

• यात्रामात्रम् (yātrāmātram) - only for the purpose of sustaining life (only for sustenance, mere existence)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• भुञ्जीत (bhuñjīta) - one should eat (one should eat, enjoy)

• केवलम् (kevalam) - solely for the purpose (of life maintenance) (only, solely, merely)

• प्राणयात्रिकम् (prāṇayātrikam) - for the bare sustenance of life (for the maintenance of life, for sustaining life)

Words meanings and morphology

शुक्तानि (śuktāni) - fermented tastes (fermented, sour, acid)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, plural of śukta

śukta - fermented, sour, acid, vinegar

Past Passive Participle (from √śuc, to emit fluid, be pure) or a direct adjective.

From 'śukta' (a fermented liquid like vinegar).

Note: Objects of 'āsvādayīta' (implied 'rasān').

अम्लानि (amlāni) - sour tastes (sour, acid)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, plural of amla

amla - sour, acid, a sour taste

From √aml (to be sour).

Root: aml (class 1)

Note: Objects of 'āsvādayīta'.

तिक्तानि (tiktāni) - bitter tastes (bitter)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, plural of tikta

tikta - bitter, pungent, sharp

From √tij (to be sharp).

Root: tij (class 1)

Note: Objects of 'āsvādayīta'.

कषायकटुकानि (kaṣāyakaṭukāni) - astringent and pungent tastes (astringent and pungent)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, plural of kaṣāyakaṭuka

kaṣāyakaṭuka - astringent and pungent (tastes)

Dvandva compound of kaṣāya and kaṭuka.

Compound type : dvandva (kaṣāya+kaṭuka)

• kaṣāya – astringent (taste), brown, juice
  adjective (masculine)
• kaṭuka – pungent, acrid, bitter, sharp
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Objects of 'āsvādayīta'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not (not, nor)

(indeclinable)

आस्वादयीत (āsvādayīta) - one should not savor (tastes) (one should savor, taste with pleasure)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, optative (liṅ) of √svād

Optative ātmanepada 3rd singular (causative stem)

From causative stem 'svādaya' of √svād (1st class, svādayati). Optative ātmanepada 'īta'.

Prefix: ā

Root: svād (class 1)

Note: Nullified by 'na'.

भुञ्जानः (bhuñjānaḥ) - while one is eating (eating, enjoying)

(nominal form)

Nominative, masculine, singular of √bhuj

√bhuj - to enjoy, eat, consume

Present Middle Participle

From √bhuj (7th class, bhuṅkte). Present middle participle 'āna'.

Root: bhuj (class 7)

Note: Adverbial use, 'while eating'.

रसान् (rasān) - tastes (sweet ones) (tastes, juices, essences, feelings)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of rasa

rasa - taste, juice, fluid, essence, sentiment, pleasure

Note: Refers to the types of tastes mentioned.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

मधुरान् (madhurān) - sweet tastes (sweet, pleasant, charming)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of madhura

madhura - sweet, pleasant, charming, melodious

From madhu (honey).

Note: Agreement with 'rasān'.

तथा (tathā) - also (thus, so, in that manner, also)

(indeclinable)

यात्रामात्रम् (yātrāmātram) - only for the purpose of sustaining life (only for sustenance, mere existence)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yātrāmātra

yātrāmātra - merely for existence, just enough for life's journey

Compound of yātrā (sustenance, living) and mātra (only, merely).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yātrā+mātra)

• yātrā – journey, course, sustenance, living
  noun (feminine)
  From √yā (to go)
  Root: yā (class 2)
• mātra – measure, quantity, only, merely
  indeclinable (neuter)

Note: Object of 'bhuñjīta'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

भुञ्जीत (bhuñjīta) - one should eat (one should eat, enjoy)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, optative (liṅ) of √bhuj

Optative ātmanepada 3rd singular

From √bhuj (7th class, bhunakti/bhuṅkte), optative ātmanepada 'īta'.

Root: bhuj (class 7)

Note: Refers to eating the alms for sustenance.

केवलम् (kevalam) - solely for the purpose (of life maintenance) (only, solely, merely)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverbial accusative, emphasizing 'solely'.

प्राणयात्रिकम् (prāṇayātrikam) - for the bare sustenance of life (for the maintenance of life, for sustaining life)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of prāṇayātrika

prāṇayātrika - serving for the sustenance of life, necessary for life

From prāṇayātrā (life's sustenance) + ika suffix.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (prāṇa+yātrā)

• prāṇa – breath, life-force, vital air
  noun (masculine)
  From √an (to breathe) with pra.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: an (class 2)
• yātrā – journey, course, sustenance, living
  noun (feminine)
  From √yā (to go)
  Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Adverbial accusative.