महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-46, verse-19

अयाचितमसंकॢप्तमुपपन्नं यदृच्छया ।
जोषयेत सदा भोज्यं ग्रासमागतमस्पृहः ॥१९॥

19. ayācitamasaṁkḷptamupapannaṁ yadṛcchayā ,
joṣayeta sadā bhojyaṁ grāsamāgatamaspṛhaḥ.

19. ayācitam asaṃkḷptam upapannam yadṛcchayā
joṣayeta sadā bhojyam grāsam āgatam aspṛhaḥ

19. aspṛhaḥ yadṛcchayā upapannam ayācitam
asaṃkḷptam āgatam bhojyam grāsam sadā joṣayeta

19. A desireless person should always partake, without longing, of food (a morsel) that arrives spontaneously, unasked for, and unprepared.

Words meanings summery:

• अयाचितम् (ayācitam) - unasked for, unbegged, unrequested

• असंकॢप्तम् (asaṁkḷptam) - not arranged, not prepared, not planned

• उपपन्नम् (upapannam) - obtained, arrived, naturally occurring

• यदृच्छया (yadṛcchayā) - spontaneously, by chance, arbitrarily

• जोषयेत (joṣayeta) - one should partake, one should enjoy, one should delight in

• सदा (sadā) - always, ever, constantly

• भोज्यम् (bhojyam) - food, that which is to be eaten, edible

• ग्रासम् (grāsam) - a mouthful, a morsel of food

• आगतम् (āgatam) - arrived, come, obtained

• अस्पृहः (aspṛhaḥ) - without desire, desireless, unattached

Words meanings and morphology

अयाचितम् (ayācitam) - unasked for, unbegged, unrequested

(adjective)

neuter, singular of ayācita

ayācita - unasked, unbegged, not requested

Past Passive Participle

From 'a' (negation) + 'yācita' (past passive participle of 'yāc' - to beg, ask)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+yācita)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negation prefix
• yācita – asked, begged, requested
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root yāc
  Root: yāc (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'bhojyam'.

असंकॢप्तम् (asaṁkḷptam) - not arranged, not prepared, not planned

(adjective)

neuter, singular of asaṃkḷpta

asaṁkḷpta - not arranged, not prepared, not planned

Past Passive Participle

From 'a' (negation) + 'saṃkḷpta' (past passive participle of 'saṃ-kḷp' - to arrange, prepare)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+saṃkḷpta)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negation prefix
• saṃkḷpta – arranged, prepared, planned
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root kḷp with prefix sam
  Prefix: sam
  Root: kḷp (class 10)

Note: Qualifies 'bhojyam'.

उपपन्नम् (upapannam) - obtained, arrived, naturally occurring

(adjective)

neuter, singular of upapanna

upapanna - obtained, arrived, fit, proper, naturally occurring

Past Passive Participle

From 'upa-pad' (to come near, happen, be obtained)

Prefix: upa

Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'bhojyam'.

यदृच्छया (yadṛcchayā) - spontaneously, by chance, arbitrarily

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of yadṛcchā

yadṛcchā - free will, spontaneity, chance, arbitrarily

जोषयेत (joṣayeta) - one should partake, one should enjoy, one should delight in

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of juṣ

Causal stem

Optative mood, active voice, 3rd person singular of causal stem 'joṣay' derived from root 'juṣ'.

Root: juṣ (class 1)

सदा (sadā) - always, ever, constantly

(indeclinable)

भोज्यम् (bhojyam) - food, that which is to be eaten, edible

(adjective)

neuter, singular of bhojya

bhojya - to be eaten, food, edible

Gerundive / Future Passive Participle

From 'bhuj' (to eat, enjoy) + suffix 'ya'

Root: bhuj (class 7)

Note: Serves as the main object, qualified by 'ayācitam', 'asaṃkḷptam', 'upapannam', 'āgatam'.

ग्रासम् (grāsam) - a mouthful, a morsel of food

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of grāsa

grāsa - a mouthful, a morsel, food

From 'gras' (to swallow).

Root: gras (class 1)

आगतम् (āgatam) - arrived, come, obtained

(adjective)

neuter, singular of āgata

āgata - come, arrived, obtained

Past Passive Participle

From 'ā-gam' (to come, arrive)

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'bhojyam'.

अस्पृहः (aspṛhaḥ) - without desire, desireless, unattached

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aspṛha

aspṛha - desireless, uncovetous, free from longing

From 'a' (negation) + 'spṛhā' (desire, longing)

Compound type : nañ-bahuvrīhi (a+spṛhā)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negation prefix
• spṛhā – desire, longing, eagerness
  noun (feminine)

Note: Subject of the verb 'joṣayeta'.