महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-130, verse-51

आत्मानमुपजीवन्यो दीक्षां द्वादशवार्षिकीम् ।
हुत्वाग्नौ देहमुत्सृज्य वह्निलोके महीयते ॥५१॥

51. ātmānamupajīvanyo dīkṣāṁ dvādaśavārṣikīm ,
hutvāgnau dehamutsṛjya vahniloke mahīyate.

51. ātmanam upajīvan yaḥ dīkṣām dvādaśavārṣikīm
hutvā agnau deham utsṛjya vahniloke mahīyate

51. yaḥ dvādaśavārṣikīm dīkṣām ātmanam upajīvan,
agnau deham hutvā utsṛjya,
vahniloke mahīyate

51. The person who sustains their self (ātman) by undertaking a twelve-year vow, and then, having offered their body into the fire (agni), is glorified in the realm of fire.

Words meanings summery:

• आत्मनम् (ātmanam) - the individual self or spiritual essence (oneself, the self, the soul)

• उपजीवन् (upajīvan) - sustaining oneself (by means of the vow) (living on, subsisting by, sustaining oneself)

• यः (yaḥ) - who (the person performing the actions) (who, which, that)

• दीक्षाम् (dīkṣām) - the sacred vow undertaken (initiation, consecration, vow)

• द्वादशवार्षिकीम् (dvādaśavārṣikīm) - (a vow) lasting twelve years (twelve-year-long, lasting twelve years)

• हुत्वा (hutvā) - having offered (his body into the fire) (having offered, having sacrificed (into fire))

• अग्नौ (agnau) - into the ritual fire (in the fire, into the fire)

• देहम् (deham) - one's physical body (body)

• उत्सृज्य (utsṛjya) - having given up (his body) (having abandoned, having given up, having emitted)

• वह्निलोके (vahniloke) - in the realm presided over by fire (in the world of fire)

• महीयते (mahīyate) - is revered (in the fire realm) (is honored, is glorified, is exalted)

Words meanings and morphology

आत्मनम् (ātmanam) - the individual self or spiritual essence (oneself, the self, the soul)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essence

उपजीवन् (upajīvan) - sustaining oneself (by means of the vow) (living on, subsisting by, sustaining oneself)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of upajīvan

upajīvan - living on, subsisting, depending on

Present Active Participle

Derived from root jīv- with upasarga upa-

Prefix: upa

Root: jīv (class 1)

यः (yaḥ) - who (the person performing the actions) (who, which, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, that (relative pronoun)

दीक्षाम् (dīkṣām) - the sacred vow undertaken (initiation, consecration, vow)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of dīkṣā

dīkṣā - initiation, consecration, solemn vow

From root dīkṣ (to consecrate)

Root: dīkṣ (class 1)

द्वादशवार्षिकीम् (dvādaśavārṣikīm) - (a vow) lasting twelve years (twelve-year-long, lasting twelve years)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of dvādaśavārṣika

dvādaśavārṣika - twelve-year-old, lasting twelve years

Compound of dvādaśa (twelve) and vārṣika (annual, yearly)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (dvādaśa+vārṣika)

• dvādaśa – twelve
  numeral
• vārṣika – yearly, annual, pertaining to rain
  adjective
  Derived from varṣa (year) with -ika suffix

हुत्वा (hutvā) - having offered (his body into the fire) (having offered, having sacrificed (into fire))

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root hu- (to offer into fire) with suffix -ktvā

Root: hu (class 3)

अग्नौ (agnau) - into the ritual fire (in the fire, into the fire)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of agni

agni - fire, Agni (god of fire), sacred fire

Root: ag (class 1)

देहम् (deham) - one's physical body (body)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of deha

deha - body, physical frame

Root: dih (class 1)

उत्सृज्य (utsṛjya) - having given up (his body) (having abandoned, having given up, having emitted)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root sṛj- (to create, emit) with upasarga ut-, followed by suffix -ya

Prefix: ut

Root: sṛj (class 6)

वह्निलोके (vahniloke) - in the realm presided over by fire (in the world of fire)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of vahniloka

vahniloka - world of fire, realm of fire

Compound of vahni (fire) and loka (world)

Compound type : tatpurusha (vahni+loka)

• vahni – fire, Agni, carrier (of oblations)
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vah (class 1)
• loka – world, realm, sphere, people
  noun (masculine)
  Root: lok (class 1)

महीयते (mahīyate) - is revered (in the fire realm) (is honored, is glorified, is exalted)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of mahīy

Denominative verb from mahā (great)

Root: mah (class 10)