महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-130, verse-4

महेश्वर उवाच ।
वानप्रस्थेषु यो धर्मस्तं मे शृणु समाहिता ।
श्रुत्वा चैकमना देवि धर्मबुद्धिपरा भव ॥४॥

4. maheśvara uvāca ,
vānaprastheṣu yo dharmastaṁ me śṛṇu samāhitā ,
śrutvā caikamanā devi dharmabuddhiparā bhava.

4. maheśvara uvāca | vānaprasth_eṣu yaḥ dharmaḥ tam me śṛṇu
samāhitā | śrutvā ca ekamanāḥ devi dharmabuddhiparā bhava

4. maheśvara uvāca samāhitā devi vānaprasth_eṣu yaḥ dharmaḥ
tam me śṛṇu ca śrutvā ekamanāḥ dharmabuddhiparā bhava

4. Maheśvara said: "O attentive one, hear from me the natural law (dharma) which is prescribed for those in the forest-dweller (vānaprastha) stage of life. And having heard it, O Goddess, become singularly devoted to the understanding of natural law (dharma)."

Words meanings summery:

• महेश्वर (maheśvara) - Maheśvara, the great lord

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• वानप्रस्थ्_एषु (vānaprasth_eṣu) - among those in the forest-dweller (vānaprastha) stage of life (among forest-dwellers, among hermits)

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - the natural law (dharma) or prescribed conduct (natural law, constitution, duty, virtue, righteousness)

• तम् (tam) - that (masculine accusative singular)

• मे (me) - from me (from me, to me, my)

• शृणु (śṛṇu) - hear!

• समाहिता (samāhitā) - O attentive one (vocative feminine) (concentrated, attentive)

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• च (ca) - and, also

• एकमनाः (ekamanāḥ) - O single-minded one (vocative feminine) (single-minded, concentrated)

• देवि (devi) - O Goddess

• धर्मबुद्धिपरा (dharmabuddhiparā) - devoted to the understanding of natural law (dharma) (devoted to the understanding of natural law)

• भव (bhava) - become!

Words meanings and morphology

महेश्वर (maheśvara) - Maheśvara, the great lord

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of maheśvara

maheśvara - great lord, a name of Shiva

Compound type : bahuvrihi or karmadharaya (mahā+īśvara)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective (feminine)
• īśvara – lord, master, controller
  noun (masculine)
  Root: īś (class 2)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

वानप्रस्थ्_एषु (vānaprasth_eṣu) - among those in the forest-dweller (vānaprastha) stage of life (among forest-dwellers, among hermits)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of vānaprastha

vānaprastha - forest-dweller, hermit, one in the third stage of life (āśrama)

Compound type : tatpurusha or bahuvrihi (vana+prastha)

• vana – forest, wood
  noun (neuter)
• prastha – going forth, dwelling, a measure of grain
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: sthā (class 1)

यः (yaḥ) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - the natural law (dharma) or prescribed conduct (natural law, constitution, duty, virtue, righteousness)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, duty, virtue, righteousness, religion

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

तम् (tam) - that (masculine accusative singular)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

मे (me) - from me (from me, to me, my)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of mad

mad - I, me

शृणु (śṛṇu) - hear!

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (Loṭ) of śru

Root: śru (class 5)

समाहिता (samāhitā) - O attentive one (vocative feminine) (concentrated, attentive)

(adjective)

Vocative, feminine, singular of samāhita

samāhita - placed, fixed, collected, concentrated, attentive

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root dhā with upasargas sam and ā

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: dhā (class 3)

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed with -tvā suffix

Root: śru (class 5)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

एकमनाः (ekamanāḥ) - O single-minded one (vocative feminine) (single-minded, concentrated)

(adjective)

Vocative, feminine, singular of ekamanas

ekamanas - single-minded, having one mind

Compound type : bahuvrihi (eka+manas)

• eka – one, single, unified
  numeral
• manas – mind, intellect, thought, heart
  noun (neuter)
  Root: man (class 4)

देवि (devi) - O Goddess

(noun)

Vocative, feminine, singular of devī

devī - goddess, divine female

धर्मबुद्धिपरा (dharmabuddhiparā) - devoted to the understanding of natural law (dharma) (devoted to the understanding of natural law)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of dharmabuddhipara

dharmabuddhipara - intent on/devoted to the understanding of dharma

Compound type : tatpurusha (dharma+buddhi+para)

• dharma – natural law, duty, righteousness
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• buddhi – intellect, understanding, perception
  noun (feminine)
  Root: budh (class 1)
• para – devoted to, intent on, supreme, highest
  adjective (masculine)

भव (bhava) - become!

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (Loṭ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)