महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-130, verse-24

ये च ते पूर्वकथिता धर्मा वननिवासिनाम् ।
यदि सेवन्ति धर्मांस्तानाप्नुवन्ति तपःफलम् ॥२४॥

24. ye ca te pūrvakathitā dharmā vananivāsinām ,
yadi sevanti dharmāṁstānāpnuvanti tapaḥphalam.

24. ye ca te pūrvakathitā dharmā vananivāsinām yadi
sevanti dharmān tān āpnuvanti tapaḥ phalam

24. ye ca te vananivāsinām pūrvakathitā dharmāḥ,
yadi tān dharmān sevanti,
tapaḥ phalam āpnuvanti

24. And those prescribed duties (dharma) previously mentioned for forest-dwellers, if they observe those duties, they attain the fruit of their austerities (tapas).

Words meanings summery:

• ये (ye) - those who, which

• च (ca) - and, also

• ते (te) - they, those

• पूर्वकथिता (pūrvakathitā) - previously told/spoken

• धर्मा (dharmā) - duties, laws, principles

• वननिवासिनाम् (vananivāsinām) - of forest dwellers

• यदि (yadi) - if

• सेवन्ति (sevanti) - they practice, they observe, they serve

• धर्मान् (dharmān) - duties, laws, principles

• तान् (tān) - those

• आप्नुवन्ति (āpnuvanti) - they obtain, they reach

• तपः (tapaḥ) - asceticism, austerity

• फलम् (phalam) - fruit, result

Words meanings and morphology

ये (ye) - those who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ya

ya - who, which, what

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

ते (te) - they, those

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

पूर्वकथिता (pūrvakathitā) - previously told/spoken

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pūrvakathita

pūrvakathita - previously told/spoken

Past Passive Participle

Derived from pūrva (previous) + kathita (told), which is past passive participle of kath (to tell).

Compound type : tatpurusha (pūrva+kathita)

• pūrva – previous, former, prior
  adjective
• kathita – told, spoken, narrated
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Root: kath (class 1)

धर्मा (dharmā) - duties, laws, principles

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dharma

dharma - constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, prescribed conduct

वननिवासिनाम् (vananivāsinām) - of forest dwellers

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of vananivāsin

vananivāsin - forest dweller, hermit

Compound type : tatpurusha (vana+nivāsin)

• vana – forest, wood
  noun (neuter)
• nivāsin – dweller, inhabitant
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun
  From root vas with prefix ni
  Prefix: ni
  Root: vas (class 1)

यदि (yadi) - if

(indeclinable)

सेवन्ति (sevanti) - they practice, they observe, they serve

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (laṭ) of sev

Root: sev (class 1)

धर्मान् (dharmān) - duties, laws, principles

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of dharma

dharma - constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, prescribed conduct

तान् (tān) - those

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

आप्नुवन्ति (āpnuvanti) - they obtain, they reach

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (laṭ) of āp

Prefix: ā

Root: āp (class 5)

तपः (tapaḥ) - asceticism, austerity

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - heat, asceticism, austerity, penance

फलम् (phalam) - fruit, result

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of phala

phala - fruit, result, consequence