महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-130, verse-1

उमोवाच ।
देशेषु रमणीयेषु गिरीणां निर्झरेषु च ।
स्रवन्तीनां च कुञ्जेषु पर्वतोपवनेषु च ॥१॥

1. umovāca ,
deśeṣu ramaṇīyeṣu girīṇāṁ nirjhareṣu ca ,
sravantīnāṁ ca kuñjeṣu parvatopavaneṣu ca.

1. umā uvāca deśeṣu ramaṇīyeṣu girīṇām nirjhareṣu
ca sravantīnām ca kuñjeṣu parvatopavaneṣu ca

1. umā uvāca ramaṇīyeṣu deśeṣu ca girīṇām nirjhareṣu
ca sravantīnām kuñjeṣu ca parvatopavaneṣu

1. Uma said: In delightful lands, in mountain waterfalls, and in the groves of rivers, and in mountain gardens...

Words meanings summery:

• उमा (umā) - Uma (name of Parvati)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• देशेषु (deśeṣu) - in lands, in places, in regions

• रमणीयेषु (ramaṇīyeṣu) - in delightful, charming, pleasant

• गिरीणाम् (girīṇām) - of mountains

• निर्झरेषु (nirjhareṣu) - in waterfalls, in springs, in cascades

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• स्रवन्तीनाम् (sravantīnām) - of rivers, of streams

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• कुञ्जेषु (kuñjeṣu) - in groves, in bowers

• पर्वतोपवनेषु (parvatopavaneṣu) - in mountain gardens/groves

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

Words meanings and morphology

उमा (umā) - Uma (name of Parvati)

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of umā

umā - Uma (name of the goddess Parvati, consort of Shiva)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

Perfect 3rd person singular, active voice of root vac

Root: vac (class 2)

देशेषु (deśeṣu) - in lands, in places, in regions

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of deśa

deśa - place, region, country, land

रमणीयेषु (ramaṇīyeṣu) - in delightful, charming, pleasant

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, plural of ramaṇīya

ramaṇīya - delightful, charming, pleasant, beautiful

Gerundive/Future Passive Participle

From root ram (to delight, enjoy)

Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Adjective agreeing with deśeṣu.

गिरीणाम् (girīṇām) - of mountains

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of giri

giri - mountain, hill

निर्झरेषु (nirjhareṣu) - in waterfalls, in springs, in cascades

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of nirjhara

nirjhara - waterfall, cascade, spring

From nis-jhṛ (to flow out)

Prefix: nis

Root: jhṛ (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

स्रवन्तीनाम् (sravantīnām) - of rivers, of streams

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of sravantī

sravantī - river, stream (feminine noun)

Feminine form of sravant (flowing), from root sru (to flow)

Root: sru (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

कुञ्जेषु (kuñjeṣu) - in groves, in bowers

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of kuñja

kuñja - grove, arbour, bower

पर्वतोपवनेषु (parvatopavaneṣu) - in mountain gardens/groves

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of parvatopavana

parvatopavana - mountain garden, mountain grove

Compound type : tatpurusha (parvata+upavana)

• parvata – mountain, hill
  noun (masculine)
• upavana – grove, garden, park
  noun (neuter)
  Prefix: upa

Note: Compound of parvata (mountain) and upavana (grove/garden).

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)