महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-130, verse-34

उमोवाच ।
आश्रमाभिरता देव तापसा ये तपोधनाः ।
दीप्तिमन्तः कया चैव चर्ययाथ भवन्ति ते ॥३४॥

34. umovāca ,
āśramābhiratā deva tāpasā ye tapodhanāḥ ,
dīptimantaḥ kayā caiva caryayātha bhavanti te.

34. umā uvāca āśramābhiratāḥ deva tāpasāḥ ye tapodhanāḥ
dīptimantaḥ kayā ca eva caryayā atha bhavanti te

34. umā uvāca deva,
ye tāpasāḥ āśramābhiratāḥ tapodhanāḥ (ca) dīptimantaḥ (santi),
te atha kayā ca eva caryayā bhavanti?

34. Uma said, 'O Lord, by what practice or conduct do those ascetics, who are devoted to their spiritual dwellings (āśrama) and whose wealth is spiritual discipline (tapas), become radiant?'

Words meanings summery:

• उमा (umā) - Uma

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• आश्रमाभिरताः (āśramābhiratāḥ) - devoted to their spiritual dwellings (āśrama) (devoted to (their) spiritual dwellings, delighting in hermitages)

• देव (deva) - O Lord (O god, O lord)

• तापसाः (tāpasāḥ) - ascetics (ascetics, hermits)

• ये (ye) - who (who, which)

• तपोधनाः (tapodhanāḥ) - whose wealth is spiritual discipline (tapas) (whose wealth is austerity, rich in penance)

• दीप्तिमन्तः (dīptimantaḥ) - radiant (radiant, shining, brilliant)

• कया (kayā) - by what (by what, with what)

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

• चर्यया (caryayā) - by practice or conduct (by conduct, by practice)

• अथ (atha) - then, now, moreover

• भवन्ति (bhavanti) - do they become (they become, they are)

• ते (te) - those (they)

Words meanings and morphology

उमा (umā) - Uma

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of umā

umā - Uma (consort of Shiva)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

Irregular perfect form of root vac

Root: vac (class 2)

आश्रमाभिरताः (āśramābhiratāḥ) - devoted to their spiritual dwellings (āśrama) (devoted to (their) spiritual dwellings, delighting in hermitages)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of āśramābhirata

āśramābhirata - devoted to (their) spiritual dwellings, delighting in hermitages

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (āśrama+abhirata)

• āśrama – spiritual dwelling, hermitage, stage of life
  noun (masculine)
• abhirata – delighting in, devoted to, engaged in
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root ram (to delight) with upasarga abhi
  Prefix: abhi
  Root: ram (class 1)

देव (deva) - O Lord (O god, O lord)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of deva

deva - god, deity, lord, divine being

तापसाः (tāpasāḥ) - ascetics (ascetics, hermits)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tāpasa

tāpasa - ascetic, hermit, one who practices austerity

Derived from tapas (austerity)

ये (ye) - who (who, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what

तपोधनाः (tapodhanāḥ) - whose wealth is spiritual discipline (tapas) (whose wealth is austerity, rich in penance)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tapodhana

tapodhana - whose wealth is austerity, rich in penance

Compound type : bahuvrihi (tapas+dhana)

• tapas – austerity, penance, spiritual discipline, heat
  noun (neuter)
• dhana – wealth, treasure, property
  noun (neuter)

दीप्तिमन्तः (dīptimantaḥ) - radiant (radiant, shining, brilliant)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dīptimat

dīptimat - radiant, shining, luminous, brilliant

Suffixed with -mat

कया (kayā) - by what (by what, with what)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of kim

kim - what, which, who

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

(indeclinable)

चर्यया (caryayā) - by practice or conduct (by conduct, by practice)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of caryā

caryā - conduct, practice, behavior, ritual

From root car (to move, behave)

Root: car (class 1)

अथ (atha) - then, now, moreover

(indeclinable)

भवन्ति (bhavanti) - do they become (they become, they are)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of bhū

Present Active

Root: bhū (class 1)

ते (te) - those (they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it, they