महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-130, verse-48

आत्मानमुपजीवन्यो दीक्षां द्वादशवार्षिकीम् ।
त्यक्त्वा महार्णवे देहं वारुणं लोकमश्नुते ॥४८॥

48. ātmānamupajīvanyo dīkṣāṁ dvādaśavārṣikīm ,
tyaktvā mahārṇave dehaṁ vāruṇaṁ lokamaśnute.

48. ātmanam upajīvan yaḥ dīkṣām dvādaśavārṣikīm
tyaktvā mahārṇave deham vāruṇam lokam aśnute

48. yaḥ dvādaśavārṣikīm dīkṣām ātmanam upajīvan,
mahārṇave deham tyaktvā,
vāruṇam lokam aśnute

48. The person who sustains their self (ātman) by undertaking a twelve-year vow, and then abandons their body in the great ocean, attains the realm of Varuṇa.

Words meanings summery:

• आत्मनम् (ātmanam) - the individual self or spiritual essence (oneself, the self, the soul)

• उपजीवन् (upajīvan) - sustaining oneself (by means of the vow) (living on, subsisting by, sustaining oneself)

• यः (yaḥ) - who (the person performing the actions) (who, which, that)

• दीक्षाम् (dīkṣām) - the sacred vow undertaken (initiation, consecration, vow)

• द्वादशवार्षिकीम् (dvādaśavārṣikīm) - (a vow) lasting twelve years (twelve-year-long, lasting twelve years)

• त्यक्त्वा (tyaktvā) - having given up (his body) (having abandoned, having given up)

• महार्णवे (mahārṇave) - in the vast expanse of the ocean (in the great ocean)

• देहम् (deham) - one's physical body (body)

• वारुणम् (vāruṇam) - the realm presided over by Varuṇa (belonging to Varuṇa, relating to Varuṇa, watery)

• लोकम् (lokam) - a specific celestial realm (world, realm, sphere)

• अश्नुते (aśnute) - reaches or gains (the realm) (attains, reaches, obtains)

Words meanings and morphology

आत्मनम् (ātmanam) - the individual self or spiritual essence (oneself, the self, the soul)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essence

उपजीवन् (upajīvan) - sustaining oneself (by means of the vow) (living on, subsisting by, sustaining oneself)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of upajīvan

upajīvan - living on, subsisting, depending on

Present Active Participle

Derived from root jīv- with upasarga upa-

Prefix: upa

Root: jīv (class 1)

यः (yaḥ) - who (the person performing the actions) (who, which, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, that (relative pronoun)

दीक्षाम् (dīkṣām) - the sacred vow undertaken (initiation, consecration, vow)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of dīkṣā

dīkṣā - initiation, consecration, solemn vow

From root dīkṣ (to consecrate)

Root: dīkṣ (class 1)

द्वादशवार्षिकीम् (dvādaśavārṣikīm) - (a vow) lasting twelve years (twelve-year-long, lasting twelve years)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of dvādaśavārṣika

dvādaśavārṣika - twelve-year-old, lasting twelve years

Compound of dvādaśa (twelve) and vārṣika (annual, yearly)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (dvādaśa+vārṣika)

• dvādaśa – twelve
  numeral
• vārṣika – yearly, annual, pertaining to rain
  adjective
  Derived from varṣa (year) with -ika suffix

त्यक्त्वा (tyaktvā) - having given up (his body) (having abandoned, having given up)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root tyaj- (to abandon) with suffix -ktvā

Root: tyaj (class 1)

महार्णवे (mahārṇave) - in the vast expanse of the ocean (in the great ocean)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of mahārṇava

mahārṇava - great ocean

Compound of mahā (great) and arṇava (ocean)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+arṇava)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• arṇava – ocean, sea, flood
  noun (masculine)

देहम् (deham) - one's physical body (body)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of deha

deha - body, physical frame

Root: dih (class 1)

वारुणम् (vāruṇam) - the realm presided over by Varuṇa (belonging to Varuṇa, relating to Varuṇa, watery)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vāruṇa

vāruṇa - relating to Varuṇa, belonging to Varuṇa

Derived from Varuṇa (name of a deity) with -a suffix

लोकम् (lokam) - a specific celestial realm (world, realm, sphere)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of loka

loka - world, realm, sphere, people

Root: lok (class 1)

अश्नुते (aśnute) - reaches or gains (the realm) (attains, reaches, obtains)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of aś

Root: aś (class 5)

Note: Atmanepada form.