महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-130, verse-49

आत्मानमुपजीवन्यो दीक्षां द्वादशवार्षिकीम् ।
अश्मना चरणौ भित्त्वा गुह्यकेषु स मोदते ॥४९॥

49. ātmānamupajīvanyo dīkṣāṁ dvādaśavārṣikīm ,
aśmanā caraṇau bhittvā guhyakeṣu sa modate.

49. ātmanam upajīvan yaḥ dīkṣām dvādaśavārṣikīm
aśmanā caraṇau bhittvā guhyakeṣu saḥ modate

49. yaḥ dvādaśavārṣikīm dīkṣām ātmanam upajīvan,
aśmanā caraṇau bhittvā,
saḥ guhyakeṣu modate

49. The person who sustains their self (ātman) by undertaking a twelve-year vow, and then breaks their feet with a stone, rejoices among the Guhyakas.

Words meanings summery:

• आत्मनम् (ātmanam) - the individual self or spiritual essence (oneself, the self, the soul)

• उपजीवन् (upajīvan) - sustaining oneself (by means of the vow) (living on, subsisting by, sustaining oneself)

• यः (yaḥ) - who (the person performing the actions) (who, which, that)

• दीक्षाम् (dīkṣām) - the sacred vow undertaken (initiation, consecration, vow)

• द्वादशवार्षिकीम् (dvādaśavārṣikīm) - (a vow) lasting twelve years (twelve-year-long, lasting twelve years)

• अश्मना (aśmanā) - by means of a stone (with a stone, by means of a stone)

• चरणौ (caraṇau) - his own feet (two feet, the feet)

• भित्त्वा (bhittvā) - having broken (the feet) (having split, having broken, having pierced)

• गुह्यकेषु (guhyakeṣu) - in the company of the Guhyakas (a class of demigods) (among the Guhyakas)

• सः (saḥ) - that person (who performed the previous actions) (he, that (masculine singular nominative))

• मोदते (modate) - finds joy (in that realm) (rejoices, delights, is pleased)

Words meanings and morphology

आत्मनम् (ātmanam) - the individual self or spiritual essence (oneself, the self, the soul)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essence

उपजीवन् (upajīvan) - sustaining oneself (by means of the vow) (living on, subsisting by, sustaining oneself)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of upajīvan

upajīvan - living on, subsisting, depending on

Present Active Participle

Derived from root jīv- with upasarga upa-

Prefix: upa

Root: jīv (class 1)

यः (yaḥ) - who (the person performing the actions) (who, which, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, that (relative pronoun)

दीक्षाम् (dīkṣām) - the sacred vow undertaken (initiation, consecration, vow)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of dīkṣā

dīkṣā - initiation, consecration, solemn vow

From root dīkṣ (to consecrate)

Root: dīkṣ (class 1)

द्वादशवार्षिकीम् (dvādaśavārṣikīm) - (a vow) lasting twelve years (twelve-year-long, lasting twelve years)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of dvādaśavārṣika

dvādaśavārṣika - twelve-year-old, lasting twelve years

Compound of dvādaśa (twelve) and vārṣika (annual, yearly)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (dvādaśa+vārṣika)

• dvādaśa – twelve
  numeral
• vārṣika – yearly, annual, pertaining to rain
  adjective
  Derived from varṣa (year) with -ika suffix

अश्मना (aśmanā) - by means of a stone (with a stone, by means of a stone)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of aśman

aśman - stone, rock, bolt

चरणौ (caraṇau) - his own feet (two feet, the feet)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of caraṇa

caraṇa - foot, leg, movement, conduct

From root car- (to move)

Root: car (class 1)

भित्त्वा (bhittvā) - having broken (the feet) (having split, having broken, having pierced)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root bhid- (to split, break) with suffix -ktvā

Root: bhid (class 7)

गुह्यकेषु (guhyakeṣu) - in the company of the Guhyakas (a class of demigods) (among the Guhyakas)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of guhyaka

guhyaka - a class of demigods or semi-divine beings, attendants of Kubera

Diminutive form of guhya (hidden)

Root: guh (class 1)

सः (saḥ) - that person (who performed the previous actions) (he, that (masculine singular nominative))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

मोदते (modate) - finds joy (in that realm) (rejoices, delights, is pleased)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of mud

Root: mud (class 1)

Note: Atmanepada form.