महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-130, verse-5

संसिद्धैर्नियतैः सद्भिर्वनवासमुपागतैः ।
वानप्रस्थैरिदं कर्म कर्तव्यं शृणु यादृशम् ॥५॥

5. saṁsiddhairniyataiḥ sadbhirvanavāsamupāgataiḥ ,
vānaprasthairidaṁ karma kartavyaṁ śṛṇu yādṛśam.

5. saṃsiddhaiḥ niyataiḥ sadbhiḥ vanavāsam upāgataiḥ
| vānaprasthaiḥ idam karma kartavyam śṛṇu yādṛśam

5. saṃsiddhaiḥ niyataiḥ sadbhiḥ vanavāsam upāgataiḥ
vānaprasthaiḥ idam karma yādṛśam kartavyam śṛṇu

5. "Hear what kind of action (karma) should be performed by those forest-dwellers (vānaprasthas) — the accomplished, self-controlled, and virtuous ones — who have undertaken residence in the forest."

Words meanings summery:

• संसिद्धैः (saṁsiddhaiḥ) - by accomplished ones, by perfected ones

• नियतैः (niyataiḥ) - by self-controlled ones, by disciplined ones

• सद्भिः (sadbhiḥ) - by good ones, by virtuous ones

• वनवासम् (vanavāsam) - forest dwelling, residence in the forest

• उपागतैः (upāgataiḥ) - by those who have resorted to, by those who have approached/adopted

• वानप्रस्थैः (vānaprasthaiḥ) - by those in the forest-dweller (vānaprastha) stage of life (by forest-dwellers, by hermits)

• इदम् (idam) - this

• कर्म (karma) - action (karma) or duty (action, deed, duty, ritual)

• कर्तव्यम् (kartavyam) - to be performed, should be done, proper to be done

• शृणु (śṛṇu) - hear!

• यादृशम् (yādṛśam) - of what kind, such as, what it is like

Words meanings and morphology

संसिद्धैः (saṁsiddhaiḥ) - by accomplished ones, by perfected ones

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of saṃsiddha

saṁsiddha - accomplished, perfected, fulfilled

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root sidh with upasarga sam

Prefix: sam

Root: sidh (class 1)

नियतैः (niyataiḥ) - by self-controlled ones, by disciplined ones

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of niyata

niyata - restrained, self-controlled, disciplined, fixed, appointed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root yam with upasarga ni

Prefix: ni

Root: yam (class 1)

सद्भिः (sadbhiḥ) - by good ones, by virtuous ones

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sat

sat - being, existing, good, virtuous, real

Present Active Participle

Derived from root as (to be)

Root: as (class 2)

वनवासम् (vanavāsam) - forest dwelling, residence in the forest

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vanavāsa

vanavāsa - residence in the forest, forest dwelling

Compound type : tatpurusha (vana+vāsa)

• vana – forest, wood
  noun (neuter)
• vāsa – dwelling, residence, abode
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vas (class 1)

उपागतैः (upāgataiḥ) - by those who have resorted to, by those who have approached/adopted

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of upāgata

upāgata - approached, arrived, resorted to, adopted

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root gam with upasargas upa and ā

Prefixes: upa+ā

Root: gam (class 1)

वानप्रस्थैः (vānaprasthaiḥ) - by those in the forest-dweller (vānaprastha) stage of life (by forest-dwellers, by hermits)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vānaprastha

vānaprastha - forest-dweller, hermit, one in the third stage of life (āśrama)

Compound type : tatpurusha or bahuvrihi (vana+prastha)

• vana – forest, wood
  noun (neuter)
• prastha – going forth, dwelling, a measure of grain
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: sthā (class 1)

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

कर्म (karma) - action (karma) or duty (action, deed, duty, ritual)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of karma

karma - action, deed, work, duty, ritual, destiny (from previous actions)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

कर्तव्यम् (kartavyam) - to be performed, should be done, proper to be done

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kartavya

kartavya - to be done, fit to be done, duty, obligation

Gerundive (Potential Passive Participle)

Formed with -tavya suffix from root kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

शृणु (śṛṇu) - hear!

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (Loṭ) of śru

Root: śru (class 5)

यादृशम् (yādṛśam) - of what kind, such as, what it is like

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yādṛśa

yādṛśa - of what kind, such as, like what