महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-39, verse-8

तमतीत्य यथायुक्तं राजमार्गं युधिष्ठिरः ।
अलंकृतं शोभमानमुपायाद्राजवेश्म ह ॥८॥

8. tamatītya yathāyuktaṁ rājamārgaṁ yudhiṣṭhiraḥ ,
alaṁkṛtaṁ śobhamānamupāyādrājaveśma ha.

8. tam atītya yathāyuktam rājamārgam yudhiṣṭhiraḥ
alaṃkṛtam śobhamānam upāyāt rājaveśma ha

8. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ yathāyuktam tam rājamārgam atītya
alaṃkṛtam śobhamānam rājaveśma upāyāt ha

8. Having properly traversed that royal highway, Yudhiṣṭhira approached the royal palace, which was splendidly adorned and shining.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - that (royal road) (that, him)

• अतीत्य (atītya) - having passed, having overcome, after passing

• यथायुक्तम् (yathāyuktam) - as is proper, appropriately, suitably

• राजमार्गम् (rājamārgam) - the royal road, highway

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - The eldest of the Pāṇḍavas. (Yudhiṣṭhira (proper name))

• अलंकृतम् (alaṁkṛtam) - adorned, decorated, embellished

• शोभमानम् (śobhamānam) - shining, splendid, beautiful, appearing good

• उपायात् (upāyāt) - approached, came near

• राजवेश्म (rājaveśma) - royal palace, king's house

• ह (ha) - indeed, certainly, verily

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - that (royal road) (that, him)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to 'rājamārgam'.

अतीत्य (atītya) - having passed, having overcome, after passing

(indeclinable)

absolutive/gerund

Formed with prefix ati + root i + suffix -tya.

Prefix: ati

Root: i (class 2)

यथायुक्तम् (yathāyuktam) - as is proper, appropriately, suitably

(indeclinable)

Compound of yathā (as) and yukta (proper). Adverbial usage.

Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+yukta)

• yathā – as, just as, in what manner
  indeclinable
• yukta – joined, connected, proper, fit, yoked, engaged
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From yuj 'to join, connect'
  Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Functions as an adverb modifying 'atītya'.

राजमार्गम् (rājamārgam) - the royal road, highway

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rājamārga

rājamārga - royal road, highway

Compound of rājan (king) and mārga (road).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+mārga)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• mārga – road, path, way
  noun (masculine)
  From mṛg 'to hunt, seek'
  Root: mṛg (class 2)

Note: Object of 'atītya'.

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - The eldest of the Pāṇḍavas. (Yudhiṣṭhira (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - firm in battle, Yudhiṣṭhira

Compound: yudhi (in battle, locative of yudh) + sthira (firm).

Compound type : aluk-tatpuruṣa (yudh+sthira)

• yudh – battle, fight
  noun (feminine)
  From yudh 'to fight'
  Root: yudh (class 4)
• sthira – firm, steady, stable, fixed
  adjective (masculine)
  From sthā 'to stand'
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

अलंकृतम् (alaṁkṛtam) - adorned, decorated, embellished

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of alaṃkṛta

alaṁkṛta - adorned, decorated, embellished, accomplished

Past Passive Participle

From alaṃ-kṛ 'to adorn', formed with suffix -ta.

Prefix: alam

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Qualifies 'rājaveśma'.

शोभमानम् (śobhamānam) - shining, splendid, beautiful, appearing good

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śobhamāna

śobhamāna - shining, splendid, beautiful, appearing good

Present Participle (Ātmanepada)

From śubh 'to shine, be beautiful', with Ātmanepada suffix -māna.

Root: śubh (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'rājaveśma'.

उपायात् (upāyāt) - approached, came near

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of i

Imperfect (Laṅ-lakāra), 3rd person singular, with prefix upa. The ā- in upāyāt is a result of sandhi (upa + a-i-at = upā-yāt).

Prefix: upa

Root: i (class 2)

राजवेश्म (rājaveśma) - royal palace, king's house

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rājaveśman

rājaveśman - royal palace, king's house

Compound of rājan (king) and veśman (house/palace).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+veśman)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• veśman – house, dwelling, palace
  noun (neuter)
  From viś 'to enter'
  Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Object of 'upāyāt'.

ह (ha) - indeed, certainly, verily

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.