महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-39, verse-28

इति ते वै द्विजाः श्रुत्वा तस्य घोरस्य रक्षसः ।
विव्यथुश्चुक्रुशुश्चैव तस्य वाक्यप्रधर्षिताः ॥२८॥

28. iti te vai dvijāḥ śrutvā tasya ghorasya rakṣasaḥ ,
vivyathuścukruśuścaiva tasya vākyapradharṣitāḥ.

28. iti te vai dvijāḥ śrutvā tasya ghorasya rakṣasaḥ |
vivyathuḥ cukruśuḥ ca eva tasya vākyapradharṣitāḥ

28. iti te dvijāḥ vai tasya ghorasya rakṣasaḥ śrutvā,
tasya vākyapradharṣitāḥ (santaḥ) vivyathuḥ ca eva cukruśuḥ.

28. Having heard this from that terrible demon (rakṣas), those twice-born ones (dvija), tormented by his words, became distressed and cried out.

Words meanings summery:

• इति (iti) - this (referring to the preceding statement) (thus, so, in this manner)

• ते (te) - those (brahmins) (those, they)

• वै (vai) - indeed (indeed, certainly, verily)

• द्विजाः (dvijāḥ) - brahmins, the twice-born (dvija) (twice-born ones (brahmins, kshatriyas, vaishyas), birds, teeth)

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• तस्य (tasya) - from that (demon) (his, of that, from that)

• घोरस्य (ghorasya) - of the terrible (demon) (of the terrible, of the dreadful)

• रक्षसः (rakṣasaḥ) - of the demon (rakṣas) (of the demon, from the demon)

• विव्यथुः (vivyathuḥ) - they were distressed (they were distressed, they trembled)

• चुक्रुशुः (cukruśuḥ) - they cried out (they cried out, they wailed)

• च (ca) - and

• एव (eva) - even (indeed, only, even)

• तस्य (tasya) - his (words) (his, of that, from that)

• वाक्यप्रधर्षिताः (vākyapradharṣitāḥ) - tormented by his words (tormented by words, assailed by speech)

Words meanings and morphology

इति (iti) - this (referring to the preceding statement) (thus, so, in this manner)

(indeclinable)

ते (te) - those (brahmins) (those, they)

(demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Refers to 'dvijāḥ'.

वै (vai) - indeed (indeed, certainly, verily)

(indeclinable)

द्विजाः (dvijāḥ) - brahmins, the twice-born (dvija) (twice-born ones (brahmins, kshatriyas, vaishyas), birds, teeth)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dvija

dvija - twice-born (dvija - referring to Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas), a Brahmin, a bird, a tooth

Compound type : tatpurusha (dvi+ja)

• dvi – two, twice
  numeral
• ja – born, produced from
  noun
  From root 'jan' (to be born).
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Subject of the verbs 'vivyathuḥ' and 'cukruśuḥ'.

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

Formed from root 'śru' + suffix 'tvā'.

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Modifies 'vivyathuḥ' and 'cukruśuḥ'.

तस्य (tasya) - from that (demon) (his, of that, from that)

(demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Qualifies 'rakṣasaḥ'.

घोरस्य (ghorasya) - of the terrible (demon) (of the terrible, of the dreadful)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ghora

ghora - terrible, dreadful, fearful, awful

Note: Qualifies 'rakṣasaḥ'.

रक्षसः (rakṣasaḥ) - of the demon (rakṣas) (of the demon, from the demon)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rakṣas

rakṣas - demon, evil spirit (rakṣas)

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

Note: The source of 'iti'.

विव्यथुः (vivyathuḥ) - they were distressed (they were distressed, they trembled)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (Lit) of vyath

Perfect Active

From root 'vyath' (to be agitated).

Root: vyath (class 1)

Note: Past action of distress.

चुक्रुशुः (cukruśuḥ) - they cried out (they cried out, they wailed)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (Lit) of kruś

Perfect Active

From root 'kruś' (to cry out).

Root: kruś (class 1)

Note: Past action of crying out.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

एव (eva) - even (indeed, only, even)

(indeclinable)

तस्य (tasya) - his (words) (his, of that, from that)

(demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Qualifies 'vākyapradharṣitāḥ'.

वाक्यप्रधर्षिताः (vākyapradharṣitāḥ) - tormented by his words (tormented by words, assailed by speech)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vākyapradharṣita

vākyapradharṣita - assailed by words, tormented by speech

Compound type : tatpurusha (vākya+pradharṣita)

• vākya – word, speech, sentence
  noun (neuter)
• pradharṣita – assaulted, tormented, overcome
  past passive participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'dhṛṣ' (to be bold) with 'pra' (forth, greatly), implying being violently overcome.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: dhṛṣ (class 5)

Note: Qualifies 'dvijāḥ'.