महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-39, verse-30

युधिष्ठिर उवाच ।
प्रसीदन्तु भवन्तो मे प्रणतस्याभियाचतः ।
प्रत्यापन्नं व्यसनिनं न मां धिक्कर्तुमर्हथ ॥३०॥

30. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca ,
prasīdantu bhavanto me praṇatasyābhiyācataḥ ,
pratyāpannaṁ vyasaninaṁ na māṁ dhikkartumarhatha.

30. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca | prasīdantu bhavantaḥ me praṇatasya
abhiyācataḥ | pratyāpannam vyasaninam na mām dhikkartum arhatha

30. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca bhavantaḥ me praṇatasya abhiyācataḥ (santaḥ) prasīdantu.
pratyāpannam vyasaninam mām dhikkartum na arhatha.

30. Yudhishthira said: May you gentlemen be gracious to me, who bows down and implores. You ought not to scorn me, who has fallen into misfortune and returned.

Words meanings summery:

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira (Yudhishthira (proper name))

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said (he said, he spoke)

• प्रसीदन्तु (prasīdantu) - may you (plural) be gracious (let them be gracious, may they be pleased)

• भवन्तः (bhavantaḥ) - you (gentlemen) (you (plural, respectful), gentlemen)

• मे (me) - to me (to me, my, of me)

• प्रणतस्य (praṇatasya) - of me who bows down (of one who bows down, of one who is humble)

• अभियाचतः (abhiyācataḥ) - of me who implores (of one who begs, of one who implores)

• प्रत्यापन्नम् (pratyāpannam) - me, who has returned (from misfortune) (one who has returned, one who has rejoined)

• व्यसनिनम् (vyasaninam) - me, who is in misfortune (one who is in distress, one who is addicted)

• न (na) - not

• माम् (mām) - me

• धिक्कर्तुम् (dhikkartum) - to scorn, to rebuke (to scorn, to rebuke, to condemn)

• अर्हथ (arhatha) - you (plural) ought (you (plural) ought, you are able)

Words meanings and morphology

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira (Yudhishthira (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhishthira (steadfast in battle), name of the eldest Pandava

'yudhi' (in battle) + 'sthira' (firm).

Compound type : aluk-tatpurusha (yudhi+sthira)

• yudhi – in battle, in war
  noun (feminine)
  Locative singular of 'yudh' (battle).
• sthira – firm, steady, stable, steadfast
  adjective (masculine)
  From root 'sthā' (to stand).
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'uvāca'.

उवाच (uvāca) - he said (he said, he spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Lit) of vac

Perfect Active

Irregular perfect formation of 'vac'.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Main verb for the preceding speaker.

प्रसीदन्तु (prasīdantu) - may you (plural) be gracious (let them be gracious, may they be pleased)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperative (Loṭ) of pra-sīd

Imperative Active

From root 'sad' (to sit) with 'pra' (forth).

Prefix: pra

Root: sad (class 1)

Note: Command/request to the Brahmins.

भवन्तः (bhavantaḥ) - you (gentlemen) (you (plural, respectful), gentlemen)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bhavat

bhavat - you, your honor, being, becoming

Present Participle

From root 'bhū' (to be).

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'prasīdantu'.

मे (me) - to me (to me, my, of me)

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of aham

aham - I, me

Note: Dative of interest/object of grace.

प्रणतस्य (praṇatasya) - of me who bows down (of one who bows down, of one who is humble)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of praṇata

praṇata - bowed down, humble, saluting

Past Passive Participle

From root 'nam' (to bow) with 'pra' (forth) + 'kta' suffix.

Prefix: pra

Root: nam (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'me'.

अभियाचतः (abhiyācataḥ) - of me who implores (of one who begs, of one who implores)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of abhiyācat

abhiyācat - imploring, begging, requesting

Present Active Participle

From root 'yāc' (to ask, beg) with 'abhi' (towards) + 'śatṛ' suffix.

Prefix: abhi

Root: yāc (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'me'.

प्रत्यापन्नम् (pratyāpannam) - me, who has returned (from misfortune) (one who has returned, one who has rejoined)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pratyāpanna

pratyāpanna - returned, rejoined, restored, fallen into

Past Passive Participle

From root 'āp' (to obtain, reach) with 'prati' (back) + 'kta' suffix.

Prefixes: prati+ā

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Qualifies 'mām'.

व्यसनिनम् (vyasaninam) - me, who is in misfortune (one who is in distress, one who is addicted)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vyasanin

vyasanin - unfortunate, distressed, addicted, suffering

From 'vyasana' (misfortune, addiction) + 'in' suffix.

Note: Qualifies 'mām'.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates 'arhatha'.

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of aham

aham - I, me

Note: Object of 'dhikkartum'.

धिक्कर्तुम् (dhikkartum) - to scorn, to rebuke (to scorn, to rebuke, to condemn)

(verb)

active

Infinitive

From 'dhik' (fie, shame) + root 'kṛ' (to do/make) + 'tumun' suffix.

Prefix: dhik

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Complementary infinitive with 'arhatha'.

अर्हथ (arhatha) - you (plural) ought (you (plural) ought, you are able)

(verb)

2nd person , plural, active, present (Laṭ) of arh

Present Active

From root 'arh'.

Root: arh (class 1)

Note: Main verb.