महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-39, verse-24

वृतः सर्वैस्तदा विप्रैराशीर्वादविवक्षुभिः ।
परंसहस्रै राजेन्द्र तपोनियमसंस्थितैः ॥२४॥

24. vṛtaḥ sarvaistadā viprairāśīrvādavivakṣubhiḥ ,
paraṁsahasrai rājendra taponiyamasaṁsthitaiḥ.

24. vṛtaḥ sarvaiḥ tadā vipraiḥ āśīrvādavivakṣubhiḥ
parasaṃhasrai rājendra taponiyamasaṃsthitaiḥ

24. rājendra,
tadā saḥ sarvaiḥ āśīrvādavivakṣubhiḥ taponiyamasaṃsthitaiḥ parasaṃhasrai vipraiḥ vṛtaḥ

24. O king of kings, he was then surrounded by all those Brahmins, numbering in the thousands, who were established in severe ascetic practices (tapas) and vows, and were eager to pronounce blessings.

Words meanings summery:

• वृतः (vṛtaḥ) - surrounded (surrounded, covered, chosen)

• सर्वैः (sarvaiḥ) - by all

• तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

• विप्रैः (vipraiḥ) - by Brahmins (by Brahmins, by learned persons)

• आशीर्वादविवक्षुभिः (āśīrvādavivakṣubhiḥ) - by those eager to pronounce blessings (by those desirous of speaking blessings)

• परसंहस्रै (parasaṁhasrai) - by many thousands (by many thousands, by a multitude of thousands)

• राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - O king of kings (addressed to Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O king of kings, O best among kings)

• तपोनियमसंस्थितैः (taponiyamasaṁsthitaiḥ) - by those established in severe ascetic practices (tapas) and vows (by those established in ascetic practices and vows)

Words meanings and morphology

वृतः (vṛtaḥ) - surrounded (surrounded, covered, chosen)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛta

vṛta - surrounded, covered, chosen

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'vṛ' (to cover, surround)

Root: vṛ (class 5)

सर्वैः (sarvaiḥ) - by all

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Agrees with 'vipraiḥ'.

तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

Derived from 'tad' (that) + 'dā' suffix indicating time

विप्रैः (vipraiḥ) - by Brahmins (by Brahmins, by learned persons)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vipra

vipra - Brahmin, inspired, learned

आशीर्वादविवक्षुभिः (āśīrvādavivakṣubhiḥ) - by those eager to pronounce blessings (by those desirous of speaking blessings)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of āśīrvādavivakṣu

āśīrvādavivakṣu - desirous of speaking blessings

Desiderative Adjective

Compound of āśīrvāda (blessing) and vivakṣu (desirous of speaking)

Compound type : tatpurusha (āśīrvāda+vivakṣu)

• āśīrvāda – blessing, benediction
  noun (masculine)
  Compound of āśīr (blessing) + vāda (speaking)
• vivakṣu – desirous of speaking
  adjective (masculine)
  Desiderative Agent Noun
  Derived from desiderative root 'vac' (to speak) with prefix 'vi'
  Prefix: vi
  Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'vipraiḥ'.

परसंहस्रै (parasaṁhasrai) - by many thousands (by many thousands, by a multitude of thousands)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of parasaṃhasra

parasaṁhasra - many thousands, a multitude of thousands

Compound of para (excellent, great) and saṃhasra (thousand)

Compound type : tatpurusha (para+sahasra)

• para – supreme, excellent, ultimate, other
  adjective
• sahasra – thousand
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'vipraiḥ'.

राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - O king of kings (addressed to Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O king of kings, O best among kings)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājendra

rājendra - king of kings, best among kings

Compound of rājan (king) + indra (chief)

Compound type : tatpurusha (rājan+indra)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• indra – chief, lord, Indra (name of a deity)
  noun (masculine)

तपोनियमसंस्थितैः (taponiyamasaṁsthitaiḥ) - by those established in severe ascetic practices (tapas) and vows (by those established in ascetic practices and vows)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of taponiyamasaṃsthita

taponiyamasaṁsthita - established in ascetic practices and vows

Compound of tapas (asceticism), niyama (vow, rule), and saṃsthita (established)

Compound type : tatpurusha (tapas+niyama+saṃsthita)

• tapas – asceticism, penance, heat
  noun (neuter)
• niyama – vow, rule, discipline, self-restraint
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ni
• saṃsthita – established, situated, standing
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'sthā' (to stand) with prefix 'sam'
  Prefix: sam
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'vipraiḥ'.