महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-39, verse-29

ततस्ते ब्राह्मणाः सर्वे स च राजा युधिष्ठिरः ।
व्रीडिताः परमोद्विग्नास्तूष्णीमासन्विशां पते ॥२९॥

29. tataste brāhmaṇāḥ sarve sa ca rājā yudhiṣṭhiraḥ ,
vrīḍitāḥ paramodvignāstūṣṇīmāsanviśāṁ pate.

29. tataḥ te brāhmaṇāḥ sarve saḥ ca rājā yudhiṣṭhiraḥ
| vrīḍitāḥ paramodvignāḥ tūṣṇīm āsan viśām pate

29. tataḥ,
he viśām pate,
te sarve brāhmaṇāḥ ca saḥ rājā yudhiṣṭhiraḥ (ca) vrīḍitāḥ paramodvignāḥ (santaḥ) tūṣṇīm āsan.

29. Then, all those brahmins, and that King Yudhishthira, became ashamed and extremely agitated, remaining silent, O lord of men (viśāṃ pate).

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thence, afterwards)

• ते (te) - those (brahmins) (those, they)

• ब्राह्मणाः (brāhmaṇāḥ) - brahmins

• सर्वे (sarve) - all (of them) (all, every)

• सः (saḥ) - that (king) (he, that)

• च (ca) - and

• राजा (rājā) - King

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira (Yudhishthira (proper name))

• व्रीडिताः (vrīḍitāḥ) - ashamed, embarrassed

• परमोद्विग्नाः (paramodvignāḥ) - extremely agitated (extremely agitated, highly distressed)

• तूष्णीम् (tūṣṇīm) - silently (silently, quietly)

• आसन् (āsan) - they remained (were) (they were, they sat)

• विशाम् (viśām) - of men, of subjects (of people, of the subjects)

• पते (pate) - O lord (O lord, O master)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thence, afterwards)

(indeclinable)

ते (te) - those (brahmins) (those, they)

(demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Qualifies 'brāhmaṇāḥ'.

ब्राह्मणाः (brāhmaṇāḥ) - brahmins

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - a Brahmin, belonging to or related to Brahman

From 'brahman' + 'aṇa' suffix.

Note: Subject.

सर्वे (sarve) - all (of them) (all, every)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, complete

Note: Qualifies 'brāhmaṇāḥ'.

सः (saḥ) - that (king) (he, that)

(demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Qualifies 'rājā'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

राजा (rājā) - King

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Subject, along with 'brāhmaṇāḥ'.

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira (Yudhishthira (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhishthira (steadfast in battle), name of the eldest Pandava

'yudhi' (in battle) + 'sthira' (firm).

Compound type : aluk-tatpurusha (yudhi+sthira)

• yudhi – in battle, in war
  noun (feminine)
  Locative singular of 'yudh' (battle).
• sthira – firm, steady, stable, steadfast
  adjective (masculine)
  From root 'sthā' (to stand).
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Appositive to 'rājā'.

व्रीडिताः (vrīḍitāḥ) - ashamed, embarrassed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vrīḍita

vrīḍita - ashamed, embarrassed, modest

Past Passive Participle

From root 'vrīḍ' (to be ashamed) + 'kta' suffix.

Root: vrīḍ (class 1)

Note: Predicate adjective, describing the state of the subjects.

परमोद्विग्नाः (paramodvignāḥ) - extremely agitated (extremely agitated, highly distressed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of paramodvigna

paramodvigna - extremely agitated, highly distressed, greatly disturbed

Compound type : karmadharaya (parama+udvigna)

• parama – highest, supreme, extreme
  adjective (masculine)
• udvigna – agitated, distressed, anxious
  past passive participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'vij' (to tremble, move) with 'ud' (up, out).
  Prefix: ud
  Root: vij (class 6)

Note: Predicate adjective, describing the state of the subjects.

तूष्णीम् (tūṣṇīm) - silently (silently, quietly)

(indeclinable)

आसन् (āsan) - they remained (were) (they were, they sat)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (Laṅ) of as

Imperfect Active

From root 'as' (to be).

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

विशाम् (viśām) - of men, of subjects (of people, of the subjects)

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of viś

viś - people, subjects, a house, a settlement

Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Part of the vocative compound 'viśāṃ pate'.

पते (pate) - O lord (O lord, O master)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pati

pati - lord, master, husband, owner

Note: Addressing Janamejaya or Dhritarashtra.