महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-39, verse-25

स दुष्टः पापमाशंसन्पाण्डवानां महात्मनाम् ।
अनामन्त्र्यैव तान्विप्रांस्तमुवाच महीपतिम् ॥२५॥

25. sa duṣṭaḥ pāpamāśaṁsanpāṇḍavānāṁ mahātmanām ,
anāmantryaiva tānviprāṁstamuvāca mahīpatim.

25. saḥ duṣṭaḥ pāpam āśaṃsan pāṇḍavānām mahātmanām
anāmantrya eva tān viprān tam uvāca mahīpatim

25. saḥ duṣṭaḥ pāṇḍavānām mahātmanām pāpam āśaṃsan,
tān viprān anāmantrya eva,
tam mahīpatim uvāca.

25. That wicked man, wishing evil upon the great-souled Pāṇḍavas, addressed that king without even consulting those Brahmins.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he (referring to Duryodhana's friend, the ascetic) (he, that (masculine nominative singular))

• दुष्टः (duṣṭaḥ) - wicked (wicked, evil, bad, spoiled)

• पापम् (pāpam) - evil (harm) (evil, sin, harm, bad deed)

• आशंसन् (āśaṁsan) - wishing (evil) (wishing, hoping for, desiring, expecting)

• पाण्डवानाम् (pāṇḍavānām) - of the Pāṇḍavas

• महात्मनाम् (mahātmanām) - of the great-souled (Pāṇḍavas) (of the great-souled, of the noble ones)

• अनामन्त्र्य (anāmantrya) - without consulting (without inviting, without consulting)

• एव (eva) - even (just, only, indeed, certainly)

• तान् (tān) - those (Brahmins) (them (masculine accusative plural))

• विप्रान् (viprān) - Brahmins (Brahmins (accusative plural))

• तम् (tam) - that (king Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (him, that (masculine accusative singular))

• उवाच (uvāca) - spoke (said, spoke)

• महीपतिम् (mahīpatim) - to the king (Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (to the king, lord of the earth)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he (referring to Duryodhana's friend, the ascetic) (he, that (masculine nominative singular))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

दुष्टः (duṣṭaḥ) - wicked (wicked, evil, bad, spoiled)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duṣṭa

duṣṭa - wicked, evil, bad, spoiled

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'duṣ' (to spoil, be bad)

Root: duṣ (class 4)

Note: Qualifies the implied subject (the ascetic).

पापम् (pāpam) - evil (harm) (evil, sin, harm, bad deed)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pāpa

pāpa - evil, sin, bad deed, misfortune

Note: Object of 'āśaṃsan'.

आशंसन् (āśaṁsan) - wishing (evil) (wishing, hoping for, desiring, expecting)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āśaṃsat

āśaṁsat - wishing, hoping for, desiring, expecting

Present Active Participle

Derived from root 'śaṃs' (to praise, declare) with prefix 'ā', here meaning 'to wish' or 'expect'

Prefix: ā

Root: śaṃs (class 1)

पाण्डवानाम् (pāṇḍavānām) - of the Pāṇḍavas

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, a Pāṇḍava

Derived from Pāṇḍu (name) + aṇ suffix

Note: Refers to the five sons of Pāṇḍu.

महात्मनाम् (mahātmanām) - of the great-souled (Pāṇḍavas) (of the great-souled, of the noble ones)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble, magnanimous

Bahuvrīhi compound of mahā (great) and ātman (self, soul)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essential nature
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'pāṇḍavānām'.

अनामन्त्र्य (anāmantrya) - without consulting (without inviting, without consulting)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Negative absolutive from root 'mantr' (to consult) with prefixes 'na' and 'ā'

Prefixes: na+ā

Root: mantr (class 10)

Note: The prefixes 'an' and 'ā' combine.

एव (eva) - even (just, only, indeed, certainly)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes the preceding word 'anāmantrya'.

तान् (tān) - those (Brahmins) (them (masculine accusative plural))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the Brahmins mentioned in the previous verse.

विप्रान् (viprān) - Brahmins (Brahmins (accusative plural))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vipra

vipra - Brahmin, inspired, learned

Note: Object of 'anāmantrya'.

तम् (tam) - that (king Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (him, that (masculine accusative singular))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to King Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

उवाच (uvāca) - spoke (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular

Perfect form of root 'vac'

Root: vac (class 2)

महीपतिम् (mahīpatim) - to the king (Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (to the king, lord of the earth)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahīpati

mahīpati - king, lord of the earth

Compound of mahī (earth) and pati (lord)

Compound type : tatpurusha (mahī+pati)

• mahī – earth, ground
  noun (feminine)
• pati – lord, master, husband
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of 'uvāca'.