महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-28, verse-5

अश्मोवाच ।
उत्पन्नमिममात्मानं नरस्यानन्तरं ततः ।
तानि तान्यभिवर्तन्ते दुःखानि च सुखानि च ॥५॥

5. aśmovāca ,
utpannamimamātmānaṁ narasyānantaraṁ tataḥ ,
tāni tānyabhivartante duḥkhāni ca sukhāni ca.

5. aśmaḥ uvāca utpannam imam ātmānam narasya anantaram
tataḥ tāni tāni abhivartante duḥkhāni ca sukhāni ca

5. aśmaḥ uvāca tataḥ narasya utpannam imam ātmānam
anantaram tāni tāni duḥkhāni ca sukhāni ca abhivartante

5. Ashma said: "After this self (ātman) of a man has come into being, both sorrows and joys then befall him."

Words meanings summery:

• अश्मः (aśmaḥ) - Ashma (a proper name)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• उत्पन्नम् (utpannam) - arisen, born, produced

• इमम् (imam) - this

• आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - self, soul, spirit

• नरस्य (narasya) - of a man, of a human being

• अनन्तरम् (anantaram) - immediately after, subsequent to

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, therefrom, after that

• तानि (tāni) - those

• तानि (tāni) - those (emphatic)

• अभिवर्तन्ते (abhivartante) - they approach, they come upon

• दुःखानि (duḥkhāni) - sorrows, sufferings, miseries

• च (ca) - and

• सुखानि (sukhāni) - joys, pleasures, happiness

• च (ca) - and

Words meanings and morphology

अश्मः (aśmaḥ) - Ashma (a proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aśman

aśman - stone, rock; cloud; proper name Ashma

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Active

Perfect 3rd singular active of √vac

Root: vac (class 2)

उत्पन्नम् (utpannam) - arisen, born, produced

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of utpanna

utpanna - produced, arisen, born, occurred

Past Passive Participle

Derived from ut-√pad (to arise)

Prefix: ut

Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Modifies ātmānam.

इमम् (imam) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Agrees with ātmānam.

आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - self, soul, spirit

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essence, life, breath

Note: Direct object of an implied verb or contextually understood with 'utpannam'.

नरस्य (narasya) - of a man, of a human being

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of nara

nara - man, human being, person

Note: Possessive, 'of a man'.

अनन्तरम् (anantaram) - immediately after, subsequent to

(indeclinable)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+antara)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• antara – interval, space, inner, middle
  noun (neuter)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, therefrom, after that

(indeclinable)

तानि (tāni) - those

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to sorrows and joys.

तानि (tāni) - those (emphatic)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Repetition for emphasis: 'those very'.

अभिवर्तन्ते (abhivartante) - they approach, they come upon

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of vṛt

Present Middle

Present 3rd plural middle of √vṛt with abhi

Prefix: abhi

Root: vṛt (class 1)

दुःखानि (duḥkhāni) - sorrows, sufferings, miseries

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of duḥkha

duḥkha - uneasiness, pain, sorrow, suffering, misery

Note: Subject of abhivartante.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects duḥkhāni and sukhāni.

सुखानि (sukhāni) - joys, pleasures, happiness

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of sukha

sukha - ease, comfort, happiness, joy, pleasure

Note: Subject of abhivartante.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects duḥkhāni and sukhāni.