महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-28, verse-28

अकिंचनाश्च दृश्यन्ते पुरुषाश्चिरजीविनः ।
समृद्धे च कुले जाता विनश्यन्ति पतंगवत् ॥२८॥

28. akiṁcanāśca dṛśyante puruṣāścirajīvinaḥ ,
samṛddhe ca kule jātā vinaśyanti pataṁgavat.

28. akiṃcanāḥ ca dṛśyante puruṣāḥ cirajīvinaḥ
samṛddhe ca kule jātāḥ vinaśyanti pataṅgavat

28. akiṃcanāḥ puruṣāḥ ca cirajīvinaḥ dṛśyante.
ca samṛddhe kule jātāḥ (puruṣāḥ) pataṅgavat vinaśyanti.

28. Moreover, men (puruṣa) with nothing are observed to be long-lived, whereas those born into prosperous families perish like moths.

Words meanings summery:

• अकिंचनाः (akiṁcanāḥ) - men who are destitute (destitute, poor, owning nothing)

• च (ca) - moreover (and, also, moreover)

• दृश्यन्ते (dṛśyante) - are observed (are seen, appear, are observed)

• पुरुषाः (puruṣāḥ) - men (human beings) (men, persons, human beings, the supreme cosmic person (puruṣa))

• चिरजीविनः (cirajīvinaḥ) - long-lived (long-lived, living a long time)

• समृद्धे (samṛddhe) - in a prosperous (family) (in a prosperous, wealthy, abundant, flourishing)

• च (ca) - whereas (connecting contrasting ideas) (and, also, moreover, but)

• कुले (kule) - in a family (in a family, lineage, race, house)

• जाताः (jātāḥ) - those born (born, produced, arisen)

• विनश्यन्ति (vinaśyanti) - perish (perish, are destroyed, come to an end)

• पतङ्गवत् (pataṅgavat) - like moths (like a moth, like a bird, like a flying insect)

Words meanings and morphology

अकिंचनाः (akiṁcanāḥ) - men who are destitute (destitute, poor, owning nothing)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of akiṃcana

akiṁcana - destitute, poor, owning nothing, helpless

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+kiṃcana)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
• kiṃcana – anything, something
  pronoun (neuter)

च (ca) - moreover (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

दृश्यन्ते (dṛśyante) - are observed (are seen, appear, are observed)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, passive, present (laṭ) of dṛś

Present Indicative

Passive voice formation

Root: dṛś (class 1)

पुरुषाः (puruṣāḥ) - men (human beings) (men, persons, human beings, the supreme cosmic person (puruṣa))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of puruṣa

puruṣa - man, person, human being, male, the supreme cosmic person

चिरजीविनः (cirajīvinaḥ) - long-lived (long-lived, living a long time)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of cirajīvin

cirajīvin - long-lived, living a long time

Derived from cira (long time) and jīvin (living)

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (cira+jīvin)

• cira – long time, long-lasting
  indeclinable
• jīvin – living, alive, existing
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun/adjective from root jīv
  Root: jīv (class 1)

समृद्धे (samṛddhe) - in a prosperous (family) (in a prosperous, wealthy, abundant, flourishing)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of samṛddha

samṛddha - prosperous, wealthy, abundant, flourishing, complete

Past Passive Participle

From root ṛdh (to thrive) with prefix sam

Prefix: sam

Root: ṛdh (class 4)

च (ca) - whereas (connecting contrasting ideas) (and, also, moreover, but)

(indeclinable)

कुले (kule) - in a family (in a family, lineage, race, house)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of kula

kula - family, lineage, race, house, clan

जाताः (jātāḥ) - those born (born, produced, arisen)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jāta

jāta - born, produced, arisen, happened

Past Passive Participle

From root jan (to be born)

Root: jan (class 4)

विनश्यन्ति (vinaśyanti) - perish (perish, are destroyed, come to an end)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of naś

Present Indicative

Prefix: vi

Root: naś (class 4)

पतङ्गवत् (pataṅgavat) - like moths (like a moth, like a bird, like a flying insect)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial suffix -vat added to pataṅga (moth/bird)