महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-28, verse-13

एवमेतानि दुःखानि तानि तानीह मानवम् ।
विविधान्युपवर्तन्ते तथा सांस्पर्शकानि च ॥१३॥

13. evametāni duḥkhāni tāni tānīha mānavam ,
vividhānyupavartante tathā sāṁsparśakāni ca.

13. evam etāni duḥkhāni tāni tāni iha mānavam
vividhāni upavartante tathā sāṃsparśakāni ca

13. iha mānavam evam etāni vividhāni sāṃsparśakāni
ca tāni tāni duḥkhāni upavartante

13. Thus, various sufferings and those arising from sensory contact repeatedly come upon human beings in this world.

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

• एतानि (etāni) - these

• दुःखानि (duḥkhāni) - sorrows, miseries

• तानि (tāni) - those

• तानि (tāni) - those

• इह (iha) - here, in this world

• मानवम् (mānavam) - human being

• विविधानि (vividhāni) - various, manifold

• उपवर्तन्ते (upavartante) - they come upon, they approach, they afflict

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, similarly, also

• सांस्पर्शकानि (sāṁsparśakāni) - sorrows arising from sensory contact (those relating to contact, sensory)

• च (ca) - and, also

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

(indeclinable)

एतानि (etāni) - these

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of etad

etad - this, these

दुःखानि (duḥkhāni) - sorrows, miseries

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of duḥkha

duḥkha - sorrow, suffering, misery, pain

From dus (bad, difficult) and kha (opening, space).

Note: Also accusative plural. Nominative makes more sense here as the subject of 'upavartante'.

तानि (tāni) - those

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Used here for emphasis or repetition, 'those very' or 'repeatedly'.

तानि (tāni) - those

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of tad

tad - that, those

इह (iha) - here, in this world

(indeclinable)

मानवम् (mānavam) - human being

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mānava

mānava - human, human being, son of Manu

Derivative from Manu, denoting humanity.

Root: manu

Note: Object of 'upavartante'.

विविधानि (vividhāni) - various, manifold

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of vividha

vividha - various, manifold, diverse

From vi + vidhā (form, arrangement).

Note: Qualifies 'duḥkhāni'.

उपवर्तन्ते (upavartante) - they come upon, they approach, they afflict

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of vṛt

Present Middle Voice, 3rd Person Plural

From root vṛt with upasarga upa-.

Prefix: upa

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: The subject is 'duḥkhāni'.

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, similarly, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'vividhāni' and 'sāṃsparśakāni' as types of 'duḥkhāni'.

सांस्पर्शकानि (sāṁsparśakāni) - sorrows arising from sensory contact (those relating to contact, sensory)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of sāṃsparśaka

sāṁsparśaka - relating to contact, tactile, sensory

Derived from sparśa (contact) with suffix aka and prefix sam.

Prefix: sam

Root: spṛś (class 6)

Note: Qualifies an implied 'duḥkhāni'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)