महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-28, verse-11

तेषां परमदुःखानां बुद्ध्या भेषजमादिशेत् ।
सर्वप्राणभृतां वृत्तं प्रेक्षमाणस्ततस्ततः ॥११॥

11. teṣāṁ paramaduḥkhānāṁ buddhyā bheṣajamādiśet ,
sarvaprāṇabhṛtāṁ vṛttaṁ prekṣamāṇastatastataḥ.

11. teṣām paramaduḥkhānām buddhyā bheṣajam ādiśet
sarvaprāṇabhṛtām vṛttam prekṣamāṇaḥ tatas tataḥ

11. prekṣamāṇaḥ tatas tataḥ sarvaprāṇabhṛtām vṛttam,
buddhyā teṣām paramaduḥkhānām bheṣajam ādiśet

11. One should, with intelligence, prescribe a remedy for those who are experiencing extreme suffering, observing the behavior of all living beings from various perspectives.

Words meanings summery:

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - of those (who are suffering) (of them, their)

• परमदुःखानाम् (paramaduḥkhānām) - of those experiencing extreme suffering (of the extremely miserable, of extreme sufferings)

• बुद्ध्या (buddhyā) - with intelligence (by intelligence, with understanding, by intellect)

• भेषजम् (bheṣajam) - a remedy (medicine, remedy, cure)

• आदिशेत् (ādiśet) - one should prescribe (one should prescribe, command, instruct)

• सर्वप्राणभृताम् (sarvaprāṇabhṛtām) - of all living beings

• वृत्तम् (vṛttam) - the behavior (of living beings) (conduct, state, condition, behavior, occurrence)

• प्रेक्षमाणः (prekṣamāṇaḥ) - observing (observing, looking at, seeing)

• ततस् (tatas) - from various perspectives/sources (from there, then, hence)

• ततः (tataḥ) - from various perspectives/sources (from there, then, hence)

Words meanings and morphology

तेषाम् (teṣām) - of those (who are suffering) (of them, their)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to sentient beings or 'those who suffer'.

परमदुःखानाम् (paramaduḥkhānām) - of those experiencing extreme suffering (of the extremely miserable, of extreme sufferings)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of paramaduḥkha

paramaduḥkha - extremely painful, supreme suffering, great misery

Tatpurusha compound: parama (supreme, extreme) + duḥkha (suffering, misery)

Compound type : tatpurusha (parama+duḥkha)

• parama – supreme, highest, utmost, extreme
  adjective (masculine)
• duḥkha – suffering, pain, misery, sorrow
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'teṣām', referring to beings who are extremely miserable.

बुद्ध्या (buddhyā) - with intelligence (by intelligence, with understanding, by intellect)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of buddhi

buddhi - intelligence, understanding, intellect, perception

Note: Means by which the remedy is prescribed.

भेषजम् (bheṣajam) - a remedy (medicine, remedy, cure)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bheṣaja

bheṣaja - medicine, drug, remedy, antidote

Note: Direct object of 'ādiśet'.

आदिशेत् (ādiśet) - one should prescribe (one should prescribe, command, instruct)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of ādiś

From root 'diś' (to point, show) with prefix 'ā' (towards).

Prefix: ā

Root: diś (class 6)

Note: Implied subject is a wise person or physician.

सर्वप्राणभृताम् (sarvaprāṇabhṛtām) - of all living beings

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sarvaprāṇabhṛt

sarvaprāṇabhṛt - all living beings, all creatures

Tatpurusha compound: sarva (all) + prāṇabhṛt (living being). prāṇabhṛt from prāṇa (life-breath) + bhṛ (to bear/sustain).

Compound type : tatpurusha (sarva+prāṇabhṛt)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  pronoun (masculine)
• prāṇabhṛt – living being, creature, one who sustains life
  noun (masculine)
  Compound 'prāṇa-bhṛt' from prāṇa (life) and bhṛt (bearing, sustaining, from root bhṛ).
  Root: bhṛ (class 3)

Note: Genitive of reference for 'vṛttam'.

वृत्तम् (vṛttam) - the behavior (of living beings) (conduct, state, condition, behavior, occurrence)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vṛtta

vṛtta - conduct, course of action, state, condition, event

Past Passive Participle (substantivized)

From root 'vṛt' (to be, exist, occur).

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Object of 'prekṣamāṇaḥ'.

प्रेक्षमाणः (prekṣamāṇaḥ) - observing (observing, looking at, seeing)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prekṣamāṇa

prekṣamāṇa - observing, looking at, considering

Present Participle (Ātmanepada)

From root 'īkṣ' (to see) with prefix 'pra' (forth, forward).

Prefix: pra

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with the implied subject of 'ādiśet'.

ततस् (tatas) - from various perspectives/sources (from there, then, hence)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial suffix -tas.

ततः (tataḥ) - from various perspectives/sources (from there, then, hence)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial suffix -tas.