महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-28, verse-30

अहमेतत्करोमीति मन्यते कालचोदितः ।
यद्यदिष्टमसंतोषाद्दुरात्मा पापमाचरन् ॥३०॥

30. ahametatkaromīti manyate kālacoditaḥ ,
yadyadiṣṭamasaṁtoṣāddurātmā pāpamācaran.

30. aham etat karomi iti manyate kālacoditaḥ
yat yat iṣṭam asaṃtoṣāt durātmā pāpam ācaran

30. kālacoditaḥ durātmā asaṃtoṣāt yat yat iṣṭam
pāpam ācaran aham etat karomi iti manyate

30. Impelled by time, an evil-minded person (durātmā), while committing sinful acts, thinks, "I am doing this," whatever he desires out of discontent.

Words meanings summery:

• अहम् (aham) - I

• एतत् (etat) - this

• करोमि (karomi) - I do, I make

• इति (iti) - thus, in this manner, marking direct speech/thought

• मन्यते (manyate) - he thinks, he believes, he considers

• कालचोदितः (kālacoditaḥ) - impelled by time, driven by time

• यत् (yat) - whatever, which, that (relative pronoun)

• यत् (yat) - whatever, which, that (relative pronoun)

• इष्टम् (iṣṭam) - desired, wished, agreeable, beloved

• असंतोषात् (asaṁtoṣāt) - from dissatisfaction, due to discontent

• दुरात्मा (durātmā) - an evil-minded person, a wicked soul, a bad self

• पापम् (pāpam) - sin, evil, vice

• आचरन् (ācaran) - committing (sinful acts) (performing, practicing, committing)

Words meanings and morphology

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of aham

aham - I, ego

एतत् (etat) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, that

Note: Also nominative singular neuter.

करोमि (karomi) - I do, I make

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of kṛ

Present Active

1st person singular present active from root kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

इति (iti) - thus, in this manner, marking direct speech/thought

(indeclinable)

मन्यते (manyate) - he thinks, he believes, he considers

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of man

Present Middle

3rd person singular present middle from root man

Root: man (class 4)

कालचोदितः (kālacoditaḥ) - impelled by time, driven by time

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kālacodita

kālacodita - impelled by time

Past Passive Participle (for codita)

Compound: kāla (time) + codita (impelled). Codita is from root cud (to impel).

Compound type : tatpurusha (kāla+codita)

• kāla – time, period, destiny
  noun (masculine)
• codita – impelled, urged, prompted, driven
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root cud (to impel)
  Root: cud (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'durātmā'.

यत् (yat) - whatever, which, that (relative pronoun)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, whatever

Note: Repeated as 'yat yat' for 'whatever'.

यत् (yat) - whatever, which, that (relative pronoun)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, whatever

Note: Part of 'yat yat' meaning 'whatever'.

इष्टम् (iṣṭam) - desired, wished, agreeable, beloved

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of iṣṭa

iṣṭa - desired, wished, sought, agreeable, beloved

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of root iṣ (to wish, desire)

Root: iṣ (class 4)

Note: Can also be accusative singular neuter. Fits as subject of implied verb 'is'.

असंतोषात् (asaṁtoṣāt) - from dissatisfaction, due to discontent

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of asaṃtoṣa

asaṁtoṣa - dissatisfaction, discontent, displeasure

Negative compound: a (not) + saṃtoṣa (contentment)

Compound type : nañ-tatpurusha (a+saṃtoṣa)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• saṃtoṣa – contentment, satisfaction
  noun (masculine)
  From sam-tuṣ (to be pleased)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: tuṣ (class 4)

दुरात्मा (durātmā) - an evil-minded person, a wicked soul, a bad self

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of durātman

durātman - evil-minded, wicked, having a bad nature (ātman)

Compound: dur (bad) + ātman (self/soul)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (dus+ātman)

• dus – bad, evil, difficult
  indeclinable
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence (ātman)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Acts as the subject of 'manyate'.

पापम् (pāpam) - sin, evil, vice

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pāpa

pāpa - evil, bad, wicked; sin, vice

Note: Object of 'ācaran'.

आचरन् (ācaran) - committing (sinful acts) (performing, practicing, committing)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ācar

ācar - to perform, to practice, to commit, to behave

Present Active Participle

Present active participle from root car with prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: car (class 1)

Note: Present active participle, functioning adjectivally.