महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-28, verse-40

क्वासं क्वास्मि गमिष्यामि को न्वहं किमिहास्थितः ।
कस्मात्कमनुशोचेयमित्येवं स्थापयेन्मनः ।
अनित्ये प्रियसंवासे संसारे चक्रवद्गतौ ॥४०॥

40. kvāsaṁ kvāsmi gamiṣyāmi ko nvahaṁ kimihāsthitaḥ ,
kasmātkamanuśoceyamityevaṁ sthāpayenmanaḥ ,
anitye priyasaṁvāse saṁsāre cakravadgatau.

40. kva āsam kva asmi gamiṣyāmi kaḥ nu
aham kim iha sthitaḥ kasmāt kam anuśoceyam
iti evam sthāpayet manaḥ anitye
priyasaṃvāse saṃsāre cakravat gatau

40. aham kva āsam? kva asmi? (kva) gamiṣyāmi? aham nu kaḥ? iha kim sthitaḥ? kasmāt kam anuśoceyam? iti evam anitye priyasaṃvāse cakravat gatau saṃsāre manaḥ sthāpayet.

40. Where was I? Where am I? Where will I go? Who, indeed, am I? What am I doing here? For whom should I grieve? In this manner, one should firmly establish the mind within this transient worldly existence (saṃsāra), which is a temporary abode for loved ones and moves like a wheel.

Words meanings summery:

• क्व (kva) - where?

• आसम् (āsam) - I was

• क्व (kva) - where?

• अस्मि (asmi) - I am

• गमिष्यामि (gamiṣyāmi) - I will go

• कः (kaḥ) - who?

• नु (nu) - indeed, now (interrogative particle)

• अहम् (aham) - I

• किम् (kim) - what? why?

• इह (iha) - here, in this world

• स्थितः (sthitaḥ) - situated, standing, abiding

• कस्मात् (kasmāt) - from whom? why? for what reason?

• कम् (kam) - whom? (accusative)

• अनुशोचेयम् (anuśoceyam) - I should lament for, I should grieve for

• इति (iti) - thus, in this way (quotation marker)

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

• स्थापयेत् (sthāpayet) - one should fix, establish, stabilize

• मनः (manaḥ) - mind, intellect

• अनित्ये (anitye) - in the impermanent, transient

• प्रियसंवासे (priyasaṁvāse) - in the temporary residence of loved ones, in the abode of beloved

• संसारे (saṁsāre) - in the worldly existence (saṃsāra)

• चक्रवत् (cakravat) - like a wheel, wheel-like

• गतौ (gatau) - in the moving, in the course, in the state of going

Words meanings and morphology

क्व (kva) - where?

(indeclinable)

आसम् (āsam) - I was

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

क्व (kva) - where?

(indeclinable)

अस्मि (asmi) - I am

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

गमिष्यामि (gamiṣyāmi) - I will go

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of gam

Root: gam (class 1)

कः (kaḥ) - who?

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

नु (nu) - indeed, now (interrogative particle)

(indeclinable)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

किम् (kim) - what? why?

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which, why (as adverb)

Note: Used here adverbially as 'why'.

इह (iha) - here, in this world

(indeclinable)

स्थितः (sthitaḥ) - situated, standing, abiding

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sthita

sthita - standing, situated, being, existing, firm

Past Passive Participle

Root: sthā (class 1)

कस्मात् (kasmāt) - from whom? why? for what reason?

(pronoun)

Ablative, masculine/neuter, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

कम् (kam) - whom? (accusative)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

अनुशोचेयम् (anuśoceyam) - I should lament for, I should grieve for

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, optative (vidhi liṅ) of anuśuc

Prefix: anu

Root: śuc (class 1)

इति (iti) - thus, in this way (quotation marker)

(indeclinable)

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

(indeclinable)

स्थापयेत् (sthāpayet) - one should fix, establish, stabilize

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi liṅ) of sthāpay

Causative

Root: sthā (class 1)

मनः (manaḥ) - mind, intellect

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind, intellect, heart, spirit

अनित्ये (anitye) - in the impermanent, transient

(adjective)

Locative, masculine/neuter, singular of anitya

anitya - impermanent, transient, not eternal

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (a+nitya)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• nitya – constant, eternal, perpetual
  adjective

प्रियसंवासे (priyasaṁvāse) - in the temporary residence of loved ones, in the abode of beloved

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of priyasaṃvāsa

priyasaṁvāsa - temporary dwelling with loved ones

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (priya+saṃvāsa)

• priya – dear, beloved, pleasant
  adjective
• saṃvāsa – dwelling together, residence, abode
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: vas

संसारे (saṁsāre) - in the worldly existence (saṃsāra)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃsāra

saṁsāra - transmigration, cycle of rebirth, worldly existence, flow, course

चक्रवत् (cakravat) - like a wheel, wheel-like

(indeclinable)

Suffix -vat indicating resemblance

गतौ (gatau) - in the moving, in the course, in the state of going

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of gati

gati - going, moving, course, state, destiny

Root: gam

Note: Qualifies 'saṃsāre' as a locative attribute.