महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-28, verse-46

रसायनविदश्चैव सुप्रयुक्तरसायनाः ।
दृश्यन्ते जरया भग्ना नगा नागैरिवोत्तमैः ॥४६॥

46. rasāyanavidaścaiva suprayuktarasāyanāḥ ,
dṛśyante jarayā bhagnā nagā nāgairivottamaiḥ.

46. rasāyanavidaḥ ca eva suprayuktarasāyanāḥ dṛśyante
jarayā bhagnāḥ nagāḥ nāgaiḥ iva uttamaiḥ

46. rasāyanavidaḥ ca eva suprayuktarasāyanāḥ jarayā
bhagnāḥ dṛśyante uttamaiḥ nāgaiḥ nagāḥ iva

46. Even experts in rejuvenating elixirs (rasāyana) and those who have properly used such elixirs are seen broken by old age, just as mountains are shattered by mighty elephants.

Words meanings summery:

• रसायनविदः (rasāyanavidaḥ) - experts in rejuvenating elixirs (rasāyana) (experts in elixirs, knowers of chemistry/alchemy)

• च (ca) - and

• एव (eva) - emphasizing "even" (indeed, just, only, even)

• सुप्रयुक्तरसायनाः (suprayuktarasāyanāḥ) - those who have properly applied elixirs/rejuvenating substances

• दृश्यन्ते (dṛśyante) - they are seen, they appear

• जरया (jarayā) - by old age, by decay

• भग्नाः (bhagnāḥ) - broken, shattered, defeated

• नगाः (nagāḥ) - mountains (mountains, trees)

• नागैः (nāgaiḥ) - by elephants (by elephants, by serpents)

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• उत्तमैः (uttamaiḥ) - by mighty (elephants) (by the best, by the excellent, by the mighty)

Words meanings and morphology

रसायनविदः (rasāyanavidaḥ) - experts in rejuvenating elixirs (rasāyana) (experts in elixirs, knowers of chemistry/alchemy)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rasāyanavid

rasāyanavid - expert in elixirs, knower of specific substances or sciences

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rasāyana+vid)

• rasāyana – elixir, chemistry, rejuvenating substance or therapy
  noun (neuter)
• vid – knower, expert
  noun (masculine)
  From root √vid (to know).
  Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Also vocative singular for masculine. Nominative plural here.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - emphasizing "even" (indeed, just, only, even)

(indeclinable)

सुप्रयुक्तरसायनाः (suprayuktarasāyanāḥ) - those who have properly applied elixirs/rejuvenating substances

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of suprayuktarasāyana

suprayuktarasāyana - having well-applied or properly used elixirs

Bahuvrīhi compound. su (well) + pra (forth) + √yuj (to apply) -> prayukta (applied) + rasāyana (elixir). suprayukta (well-applied) + rasāyana.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+prayukta+rasāyana)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
• prayukta – applied, used, employed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From pra (prefix) + √yuj (to join, apply).
  Prefix: pra
  Root: yuj (class 7)
• rasāyana – elixir, rejuvenating substance or therapy
  noun (neuter)

दृश्यन्ते (dṛśyante) - they are seen, they appear

(verb)

3rd person , plural, passive, present (laṭ) of dṛś

Present Indicative

Passive voice formation (śyan affix).

Root: dṛś (class 1)

जरया (jarayā) - by old age, by decay

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of jarā

jarā - old age, decay, decrepitude

भग्नाः (bhagnāḥ) - broken, shattered, defeated

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bhagna

bhagna - broken, shattered, defeated, frustrated

Past Passive Participle

From root √bhañj (to break).

Root: bhañj (class 7)

Note: Agrees with rasāyanavidaḥ and suprayuktarasāyanāḥ.

नगाः (nagāḥ) - mountains (mountains, trees)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of naga

naga - mountain, tree, moving with difficulty (n-a-ga = not moving)

Compound na (not) + ga (going).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (na+ga)

• na – not
  indeclinable
• ga – going, moving
  adjective
  From root √gam (to go).
  Root: gam (class 1)

नागैः (nāgaiḥ) - by elephants (by elephants, by serpents)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of nāga

nāga - elephant, serpent, mountain, prominent person

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

उत्तमैः (uttamaiḥ) - by mighty (elephants) (by the best, by the excellent, by the mighty)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of uttama

uttama - best, excellent, highest, principal

Superlative degree of ud or ut.